镉的硬度依赖水质标准及中国沙颍河流域生态风险评价。
Hardness-dependent water quality criteria for cadmium and an ecological risk assessment of the Shaying River Basin, China.
机构信息
Environmental Analysis and Testing Laboratory, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Waste Water Resource of Anhui Province, College of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China.
Environmental Analysis and Testing Laboratory, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
出版信息
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2020 Jul 15;198:110666. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110666. Epub 2020 Apr 29.
Hardness is one important water quality parameter that influences the toxicity of cadmium. Several studies have derived water quality criteria (WQC) for cadmium, but most of these studies did not consider environmental factors. Moreover, few studies considered environmental factors when carrying out ecological risk assessments (ERA) based on environmental factors. In this research, six native aquatic organisms in the Shaying River were adopted to conduct toxicity tests for cadmium. By combining published toxicity data for cadmium with hardness values and toxicity data from this study, hardness-dependent WQC were established. When normalized to a hardness of 100 mg/L CaCO, the criterion maximum concentration (CMC) of 6.46 μg/L and criterion continuous concentration (CCC) of 1.49 μg/L in the Shaying River Basin were derived according to the USEPA guidelines. The acute predicted no effect concentrations (PNECs) derived by species sensitivity distribution (SSD) methods based on log-logistic, log-normal and Burr Type III models were 1.03, 2.41 and 1.66 μg/L, respectively. Recommended WQC values finally expressed as a function of hardness: (1) CMC=(1.136672-0.041838 × lnH) × e; and (2) CCC=(1.101672-0.041838 × lnH) × e. In addition, three tiers of ERA of cadmium in surface waters were conducted based on hardness obtained during different seasons in the Shaying River using the hazard quotient (HQ), the margin of safety (MOS), and the joint probability (JPC) methods. In tiered 1, 2, and 3 ERA, cadmium exposure concentrations were standardized to a hardness of 100 mg/L. The three levels of the ERA method in the tiered framework gave consistent results: the ecological risks of cadmium in the Shaying River Basin were at acceptable levels. The present study provides a reference for the derivation of WQC and risk assessment of pollution affected by differences in aquatic species and water quality factors such as hardness.
硬度是影响镉毒性的一个重要水质参数。已有多项研究得出了镉的水质标准（WQC），但这些研究大多没有考虑环境因素。此外，在基于环境因素进行生态风险评估（ERA）时，很少有研究考虑环境因素。在本研究中，采用沙颍河流域的 6 种本地水生生物进行镉毒性测试。通过将发表的镉毒性数据与硬度值以及本研究的毒性数据相结合，建立了依赖于硬度的 WQC。根据 USEPA 指南，当归一化为 100mg/L CaCO3 硬度时，沙颍河流域的准则最大浓度（CMC）为 6.46μg/L，准则连续浓度（CCC）为 1.49μg/L。基于对数正态和 Burr Type III 模型的物种敏感性分布（SSD）方法得出的急性预测无效应浓度（PNECs）分别为 1.03、2.41 和 1.66μg/L。最后，以硬度为函数表达的推荐 WQC 值为：（1）CMC=（1.136672-0.041838×lnH）×e；（2）CCC=（1.101672-0.041838×lnH）×e。此外，还根据沙颍河不同季节的硬度，采用危害商数（HQ）、安全边际（MOS）和联合概率（JPC）方法，对地表水镉的 ERA 进行了三个层次的评价。在分层 1、2 和 3 ERA 中，镉暴露浓度被标准化为 100mg/L 硬度。分层框架中 ERA 方法的三个级别得出了一致的结果：沙颍河流域镉的生态风险处于可接受水平。本研究为基于水生物种和水质因素（如硬度）差异的 WQC 推导和污染风险评估提供了参考。
Zotero 插件