饮食质量的脂质相关代谢组学模式。
A lipid-related metabolomic pattern of diet quality.
机构信息
Channing Division of Network Medicine Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
出版信息
Am J Clin Nutr. 2020 Dec 10;112(6):1613-1630. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa242.
BACKGROUND
Adherence to a healthy diet has been associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases. Identifying nutritional biomarkers of diet quality may be complementary to traditional questionnaire-based methods and may provide insights concerning disease mechanisms and prevention.
OBJECTIVE
To identify metabolites associated with diet quality assessed via the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) and its components.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study used FFQ data and plasma metabolomic profiles, mostly lipid related, from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS, n = 1460) and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS, n = 1051). Linear regression models assessed associations of the AHEI and its components with individual metabolites. Canonical correspondence analyses (CCAs) investigated overlapping patterns between AHEI components and metabolites. Principal component analysis (PCA) and explanatory factor analysis were used to consolidate correlated metabolites into uncorrelated factors. We used stepwise multivariable regression to create a metabolomic score that is an indicator of diet quality.
RESULTS
The AHEI was associated with 83 metabolites in the NHS and 96 metabolites in the HPFS after false discovery rate adjustment. Sixty-three of these significant metabolites overlapped between the 2 cohorts. CCA identified "healthy" AHEI components (e.g., nuts, whole grains) and metabolites (n = 27 in the NHS and 33 in the HPFS) and "unhealthy" AHEI components (e.g., red meat, trans fat) and metabolites (n = 56 in the NHS and 63 in the HPFS). PCA-derived factors composed of highly saturated triglycerides, plasmalogens, and acylcarnitines were associated with unhealthy AHEI components while factors composed of highly unsaturated triglycerides were linked to healthy AHEI components. The stepwise regression analysis contributed to a metabolomics score as a predictor of diet quality.
CONCLUSION
We identified metabolites associated with healthy and unhealthy eating behaviors. The observed associations were largely similar between men and women, suggesting that metabolomics can be a complementary approach to self-reported diet in studies of diet and chronic disease.
背景
遵循健康饮食与降低慢性病风险有关。识别饮食质量的营养生物标志物可能是对传统基于问卷的方法的补充，并且可能为疾病机制和预防提供见解。
目的
确定通过替代健康饮食指数（AHEI）及其组成部分评估的饮食质量相关的代谢产物。
方法
这项横断面研究使用来自护士健康研究（NHS，n=1460）和健康专业人员随访研究（HPFS，n=1051）的 FFQ 数据和主要与脂质相关的血浆代谢组学谱。线性回归模型评估了 AHEI 及其组成部分与个体代谢产物之间的关联。典型对应分析（CCA）研究了 AHEI 成分和代谢产物之间重叠的模式。主成分分析（PCA）和解释因子分析用于将相关代谢产物整合到不相关的因子中。我们使用逐步多变量回归创建代谢组学评分，该评分是饮食质量的指标。
结果
在 NHS 中，AHEI 与 83 种代谢产物相关，在 HPFS 中与 96 种代谢产物相关，经过错误发现率调整后。这两个队列中有 63 个显著代谢产物重叠。CCA 确定了“健康”的 AHEI 成分（例如坚果，全谷物）和代谢产物（NHS 中有 27 种，HPFS 中有 33 种）和“不健康”的 AHEI 成分（例如红肉，反式脂肪）和代谢产物（NHS 中有 56 种，HPFS 中有 63 种）。由高度饱和的甘油三酯，血浆类脂和酰基辅酶组成的 PCA 衍生因子与不健康的 AHEI 成分相关，而由高度不饱和的甘油三酯组成的因子与健康的 AHEI 成分相关。逐步回归分析有助于作为饮食质量预测因子的代谢组学评分。
结论
我们确定了与健康和不健康饮食习惯相关的代谢产物。在男性和女性之间观察到的关联基本相似，这表明代谢组学可以作为研究饮食和慢性病的自我报告饮食的补充方法。
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