中国宁夏回族自治区居家老年日常生活活动的调查分析：一项横断面研究。
An investigation and analysis of the activities of daily living of older adults living at home in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China: a cross-sectional study.
机构信息
The Trauma Center Ward 2 of West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
Nursing department of the First People's Hospital of Yinchuan, Yinchuan, China.
出版信息
BMC Geriatr. 2020 Sep 25;20(1):369. doi: 10.1186/s12877-020-01765-8.
BACKGROUND
To investigate the current situation regarding the activities of daily living (ADL) of older adults living at home in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China and to analyze the associated factors of ADL performance so that we can provide references for the implementation of pension policies and long-term care insurance of older adults living at home.
METHODS
We surveyed a total of 1040 older adults who live at home and receive home-based care in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region by a face-to-face evaluation. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors associated with ADL performance.
RESULTS
In the study, 82.79% of the older adults living at home can live independently. A total of 11.92% of the older adults have mild dysfunction, 4.33% have moderate dysfunction, and 0.96% have severe dysfunction. Multiple logistic analyses indicated that older adults with very difficult economic conditions (OR 3.212; 95% CI(1.209-8.534)) and without a spouse (OR 1.616; 95% CI(1.098-2.377)) were significantly associated with ADL limitations. In addition, the risks of ADL limitations in older adults aged 60-69 years and 70-79 years were 0.187 and 0.4307 times, respectively, that of older adults over 80 years old. The risk of ADL limitations in older adults of the Han nationality was 0.605 times that of the minority population. More highly educated and older adults without diseases have a lower risk of ADL limitations.
CONCLUSIONS
Compared with the national average in China, the number of ADL limitations of older adults in Ningxia is greater and is associated with advanced age, ethnic minority status, low education level, low income, lacking a spouse and having diseases. As the number of older adults increases, maintaining and improving their ability to perform ADL and providing comfortable pension services and health services urgently need to be solved.
背景
本研究旨在调查中国宁夏回族自治区居家老年人的日常生活活动（ADL）现状，并分析其影响因素，为居家老年人的养老政策和长期护理保险实施提供参考。
方法
采用面对面评估的方式，对宁夏回族自治区 1040 名居家接受居家养老服务的老年人进行调查。采用 logistic 回归模型分析 ADL 表现的影响因素。
结果
研究中，82.79%的居家老年人生活能够自理。共有 11.92%的老年人存在轻度功能障碍，4.33%存在中度功能障碍，0.96%存在重度功能障碍。多因素 logistic 分析显示，经济状况极差（OR 3.212；95%CI(1.209-8.534)）和无配偶（OR 1.616；95%CI(1.098-2.377)）的老年人与 ADL 受限显著相关。此外，60-69 岁和 70-79 岁老年人 ADL 受限的风险分别为 80 岁以上老年人的 0.187 倍和 0.4307 倍。汉族老年人 ADL 受限的风险是少数民族的 0.605 倍。受教育程度较高和无疾病的老年人 ADL 受限风险较低。
结论
与全国平均水平相比，宁夏居家老年人 ADL 受限人数较多，与年龄较大、少数民族、受教育程度较低、收入较低、无配偶、患有疾病等因素有关。随着老年人数量的增加，迫切需要维护和提高他们的 ADL 能力，并提供舒适的养老服务和健康服务。
Zotero 插件