妊娠期间尿液双酚类物质与母婴、脐血和儿童甲状腺功能的关联。
Association of urinary bisphenols during pregnancy with maternal, cord blood and childhood thyroid function.
机构信息
Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
出版信息
Environ Int. 2021 Jan;146:106160. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106160. Epub 2020 Oct 14.
BACKGROUND
Most pregnant women are exposed to bisphenols, a group of chemicals that can interfere with various components of the thyroid system.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the association of maternal urinary bisphenol concentrations during pregnancy with maternal, newborn and early childhood thyroid function.
METHODS
This study was embedded in Generation R, a prospective, population-based birth cohort (Rotterdam, the Netherlands). Maternal urine samples were analyzed for eight bisphenols at early (<18), mid (18-25) and late (>25 weeks) pregnancy. Maternal serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4) and total thyroxine (TT4) were measured in early pregnancy and child TSH and FT4 were measured in cord blood and childhood.
RESULTS
The final study population comprised 1,267 mothers, 853 newborns and 882 children. Of the eight bisphenols measured, only bisphenol A (BPA) was detected in >50% of samples at all three time-points and bisphenol S (BPS) at the first time-point. There was no association of BPA or the bisphenol molar sum with maternal thyroid function. Higher BPS concentrations were associated with a higher maternal TT4 (β [95% CI] per 1 (natural-log) unit increase: 0.97 [0.03 to 1.91]) but there was no association with TSH or FT4. Furthermore, higher BPS was associated with an attenuation of the association between maternal FT4 and TSH (P = 0.001). There was no association of early or mid-pregnancy BPA or early pregnancy BPS with cord blood or childhood TSH and FT4. A higher late pregnancy maternal BPA exposure was associated with a higher TSH in female newborns (P = 0.06) and a higher FT4 during childhood in males (P = 0.08).
DISCUSSION
Our findings show that exposure to bisphenols may interfere with the thyroid system during pregnancy. Furthermore, the potential developmental toxicity of exposure to bisphenols during pregnancy could affect the thyroid system in the offspring in a sex-specific manner.
背景
大多数孕妇都会接触到双酚类物质，这是一组能够干扰甲状腺系统各个组成部分的化学物质。
目的
研究孕妇在怀孕期间尿液中双酚类物质浓度与孕妇、新生儿和幼儿甲状腺功能之间的关联。
方法
这项研究是嵌入在“世代研究”中的，这是一个前瞻性的、基于人群的出生队列研究（荷兰鹿特丹）。在妊娠早期（<18 周）、中期（18-25 周）和晚期（>25 周），对 8 种双酚类物质进行了母亲尿液样本分析。在妊娠早期测量了母亲的促甲状腺激素（TSH）、游离甲状腺素（FT4）和总甲状腺素（TT4），在脐带血和儿童期测量了儿童的 TSH 和 FT4。
结果
最终的研究人群包括 1267 名母亲、853 名新生儿和 882 名儿童。在所测量的 8 种双酚类物质中，只有双酚 A（BPA）在所有三个时间点的样本中都被检测到>50%，而双酚 S（BPS）仅在第一个时间点被检测到。BPA 或双酚类物质的摩尔总和与孕妇的甲状腺功能没有关联。BPS 浓度越高，母亲 TT4 越高（每增加一个（自然对数）单位的 β[95%CI]：0.97[0.03 至 1.91]），但与 TSH 或 FT4 无关。此外，BPS 浓度越高，与母亲 FT4 和 TSH 之间的关联减弱有关（P=0.001）。妊娠早期或中期 BPA 或妊娠早期 BPS 与脐带血或儿童 TSH 和 FT4 均无关联。妊娠晚期母体 BPA 暴露水平较高与女性新生儿 TSH 升高（P=0.06）和男性儿童 FT4 升高（P=0.08）有关。
讨论
我们的研究结果表明，接触双酚类物质可能会在怀孕期间干扰甲状腺系统。此外，怀孕期间接触双酚类物质的潜在发育毒性可能会以性别特异性的方式影响后代的甲状腺系统。
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