Antioxidant compounds from Banisteriopsis argyrophylla leaves as α-amylase, α-glucosidase, lipase, and glycation inhibitors.

Banisteriopsis argyrophylla belongs to the Malpighiaceae family, which is a species from Cerrado, also known as "cipó-prata" or "cipó-folha-de-prata." Several species of this family present biological potential. This work reports the chemical identification of the ethanol extract (EE) and its fractions from B. argyrophylla leaves and shows the analysis of the antioxidant activity and inhibitory effects on activities of α-amylase, α-glucosidase and lipase, and non-enzymatic glycation. The ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) and n-butanol fraction (BF) showed antioxidant activity, with IC values of 4.1 ± 0.1 and 4.8 ± 0.1 μg mL, respectively, by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, and IC values of 6046.3 ± 174.2 and 6264.2 ± 32.2 µmol Trolox eq g by the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) method. Furthermore, the DPPH method with these fractions presented electroactive species with antioxidant potential, as shown by the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method. The inhibitory effects of the EAF and BF were demonstrated by the following results: IC of 5.1 ± 0.3 and 2.5 ± 0.2 μg mL for α-amylase, IC of 1093.5 ± 26.0 and 1250.8 ± 21.9 μg mL for α-glucosidase, IC of 8.3 ± 4.1 and 4.4 ± 1.0 μg mL for lipase, and IC of 1.3 ± 0.1 and 0.9 ± 0.1 μg mL for glycation. Some bioactive compounds were identified by (-)-ESI-MS/MS, such as catechin, procyanidins, glycosylated flavonoids, kaempferol, and megastigmane glucosides. The antidiabetic activity of B.argyrophylla has been reported for the first time.