阻燃剂与神经发育：流行病学文献的最新综述
Flame retardants and neurodevelopment: An updated review of epidemiological literature.
作者信息
Vuong Ann M, Yolton Kimberly, Cecil Kim M, Braun Joseph M, Lanphear Bruce P, Chen Aimin
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
Division of General and Community Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
出版信息
Curr Epidemiol Rep. 2020 Dec;7(4):220-236. doi: 10.1007/s40471-020-00256-z. Epub 2020 Nov 10.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Flame retardant (FR) compounds can adversely impact neurodevelopment. This updated literature review summarizes epidemiological studies of FRs and neurotoxicity published since 2015, covering historical (polybrominated biphenyls [PBBs], polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs]), contemporary (polybrominated diphenyl ethers [PBDEs], hexabromocyclododecane [HBCD], and tetrabromobisphenol A [TBBPA]), and current-use organophosphate FRs (OPFRs) and brominated FRs (2-ethylhexyl 2,3,4,5-tetrabromobezoate [EH-TBB] TBB), bis(2-ethylhexyl) tetrabromophthalate [BEH-TEBP]), focusing on prenatal and postnatal periods of exposure.
RECENT FINDINGS
Continuing studies on PCBs still reveal adverse associations on child cognition and behavior. Recent studies indicate PBDEs are neurotoxic, particularly for gestational exposures with decreased cognition and increased externalizing behaviors. Findings were suggestive for PBDEs and other behavioral domains and neuroimaging. OPFR studies provide suggestive evidence of reduced cognition and more behavioral problems.
SUMMARY
Despite a lack of studies of PBBs, TBBPA, EH-TBB, and BEH-TEBP, and only two studies of HBCD, recent literature of PCBs, PBDEs, and OPFRs are suggestive of developmental neurotoxicity, calling for more studies of OPFRs.
综述目的
阻燃剂（FR）化合物可对神经发育产生不利影响。本更新的文献综述总结了2015年以来发表的关于FRs与神经毒性的流行病学研究，涵盖历史上的（多溴联苯[PBBs]、多氯联苯[PCBs]）、当代的（多溴二苯醚[PBDEs]、六溴环十二烷[HBCD]和四溴双酚A[TBBPA]）以及当前使用的有机磷酸酯阻燃剂（OPFRs）和溴化阻燃剂（2-乙基己基2,3,4,5-四溴苯甲酸酯[EH-TBB]、双（2-乙基己基）四溴邻苯二甲酸酯[BEH-TEBP]），重点关注产前和产后暴露期。
最新发现
对PCBs的持续研究仍揭示其与儿童认知和行为的不良关联。近期研究表明PBDEs具有神经毒性，尤其是孕期暴露会导致认知能力下降和外化行为增加。研究结果提示PBDEs与其他行为领域及神经影像学有关。OPFRs研究提供了认知能力下降和更多行为问题的提示性证据。
总结
尽管缺乏对PBBs、TBBPA、EH-TBB和BEH-TEBP的研究，且对HBCD仅有两项研究，但近期关于PCBs、PBDEs和OPFRs的文献提示存在发育神经毒性，因此需要对OPFRs进行更多研究。
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