Signal-transducing innate receptors in tumor immunity.

The signal-transducing innate receptors represent classes of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that play crucial roles in the first line of the host defense against infections by the recognition of pathogen-derived molecules. Because of their poorly discriminative nature compared with antigen receptors of the adaptive immune system, they also recognize endogenous molecules and evoke immune responses without infection, resulting in the regulation of tumor immunity. Therefore, PRRs may be promising targets for effective cancer immunotherapy, either by activating or inhibiting them. Here, we summarize our current knowledge of signal-transducing PRRs in the regulation of tumor immunity.