医学生基于正念减压疗法的叙述性综述
Mindfulness-based stress reduction for medical students: a narrative review.
作者信息
Polle Emma, Gair Jane
机构信息
Island Medical Program, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
MD Undergraduate Program, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada.
出版信息
Can Med Educ J. 2021 Apr 30;12(2):e74-e80. doi: 10.36834/cmej.68406. eCollection 2021 Apr.
BACKGROUND
Medical students are at high risk of depression, distress and burnout, which may adversely affect patient safety. There has been growing interest in mindfulness in medical education to improve medical student well-being. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is a commonly used, standardized format for teaching mindfulness skills. Previous research has suggested that MBSR may be of particular benefit for medical students. This narrative review aims to further investigate the benefits of MBSR for undergraduate medical students.
METHODS
A search of the literature was performed using MedLine, Embase, ERIC, PSYCInfo, and CINAHL to identify relevant studies. A total of 102 papers were identified with this search. After review and application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, nine papers were included in the study.
RESULTS
MBSR training for medical students was associated with increased measures of psychological well-being and self-compassion, as well as improvements in stress, psychological distress and mood. Evidence for effect on empathy was mixed, and the single paper measuring burnout showed no effect. Two studies identified qualitative themes which provided context for the quantitative results.
CONCLUSIONS
MBSR benefits medical student well-being and decreases medical student psychological distress and depression.
背景
医学生面临着较高的抑郁、困扰和职业倦怠风险，这可能会对患者安全产生不利影响。医学教育中对正念的兴趣日益浓厚，以改善医学生的幸福感。基于正念的减压疗法（MBSR）是一种常用的、标准化的正念技能教学形式。先前的研究表明，MBSR可能对医学生特别有益。本叙述性综述旨在进一步探讨MBSR对本科医学生的益处。
方法
使用MedLine、Embase、ERIC、PSYCInfo和CINAHL对文献进行检索，以识别相关研究。通过该检索共识别出102篇论文。在审查并应用纳入和排除标准后，9篇论文被纳入研究。
结果
对医学生进行MBSR培训与心理健康和自我同情的测量指标增加相关，同时压力、心理困扰和情绪也有所改善。关于对同理心影响的证据不一，而唯一一篇测量职业倦怠的论文显示没有影响。两项研究确定了定性主题，为定量结果提供了背景。
结论
MBSR有益于医学生的幸福感，并减少医学生的心理困扰和抑郁。
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