高强度间歇训练对哮喘青少年的影响：用 Commando Joe's®（X4ACJ）进行的哮喘运动（X4ACJ）试验。
Effect of high-intensity interval training in adolescents with asthma: The eXercise for Asthma with Commando Joe's® (X4ACJ) trial.
机构信息
Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Campus, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK; Applied Sports Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, College of Engineering, Bay Campus, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK.
Applied Sports Technology, Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM) Research Centre, College of Engineering, Bay Campus, Swansea University, Swansea SA1 8EN, UK.
出版信息
J Sport Health Sci. 2021 Jul;10(4):488-498. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2019.05.009. Epub 2019 May 30.
BACKGROUND
Higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with reduced asthma severity and increased quality of life in those with asthma. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a 6-month high-intensity interval training (HIIT) intervention in adolescents with and without asthma.
METHODS
A total of 616 adolescents (334 boys; 13.0 ± 1.1 years, 1.57 ± 0.10 m, 52.6 ± 12.9 kg, mean ± SD), including 155 with asthma (78 boys), were recruited as part of a randomized controlled trial from 5 schools (4 control and 1 intervention). The 221 intervention participants (116 boys; 47 asthma) completed 6 months of school-based HIIT (30 min, 3 times per week, 10-30 s bouts at >90% age-predicted maximum heart rate with equal rest). At baseline, mid-intervention, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up, measurements for 20-m shuttle run, body mass index (BMI), lung function, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, Paediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire, and Asthma Control Questionnaire were collected. Additionally, 69 adolescents (39 boys (of the 36 with asthma there were 21 boys)) also completed an incremental ramp test. For analysis, each group's data (intervention and control) were divided into those with and without asthma.
RESULTS
Participants with asthma did not differ from their peers in any parameter of aerobic fitness, at any time-point, but were characterized by a greater BMI. The intervention elicited a significant improvement in maximal aerobic fitness but no change in sub-maximal parameters of aerobic fitness, lung function, or quality of life irrespective of asthma status. Those in the intervention group maintained their BMI, whereas BMI significantly increased in the control group throughout the 6-month period.
CONCLUSION
HIIT represents an effective tool for improving aerobic fitness and maintaining BMI in adolescents, irrespective of asthma status. HIIT was well-tolerated by those with asthma, who evidenced a similar aerobic fitness to their healthy peers and responded equally well to a HIIT program.
背景
更高水平的心肺适能与哮喘患者的哮喘严重程度降低和生活质量提高有关。因此，本研究的目的是评估 6 个月高强度间歇训练（HIIT）干预对有和无哮喘的青少年的有效性。
方法
共有 616 名青少年（334 名男孩；13.0±1.1 岁，1.57±0.10 米，52.6±12.9 千克，平均值±标准差），包括 155 名哮喘患者（78 名男孩），作为一项随机对照试验的一部分从 5 所学校（4 所对照和 1 所干预）招募。221 名干预参与者（116 名男孩；47 名哮喘）完成了 6 个月的基于学校的 HIIT（30 分钟，每周 3 次，10-30 秒的爆发时间大于 90%年龄预测的最大心率，相等的休息时间）。在基线、干预中期、干预后和 3 个月随访时，测量 20 米穿梭跑、体重指数（BMI）、肺功能、儿科生活质量量表、儿科哮喘生活质量问卷和哮喘控制问卷。此外，69 名青少年（39 名男孩（36 名哮喘患者中有 21 名男孩））还完成了递增斜坡测试。为了分析，将每个组（干预组和对照组）的数据（有和没有哮喘）进行了分组。
结果
哮喘患者在任何有氧健身参数上都与同龄人没有差异，在任何时间点，但他们的 BMI 更大。干预显著提高了最大有氧健身能力，但无论哮喘状态如何，对亚最大有氧健身能力、肺功能或生活质量都没有改变。干预组的 BMI 保持不变，而对照组的 BMI 在整个 6 个月期间显著增加。
结论
HIIT 是一种提高青少年有氧健身能力和维持 BMI 的有效工具，无论哮喘状态如何。HIIT 被哮喘患者很好地耐受，他们的有氧健身能力与健康同龄人相似，对 HIIT 方案的反应也一样好。
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