甲醛职业暴露的致癌作用：一项系统评价
The Carcinogenic Effects of Formaldehyde Occupational Exposure: A Systematic Review.
作者信息
Protano Carmela, Buomprisco Giuseppe, Cammalleri Vittoria, Pocino Roberta Noemi, Marotta Daniela, Simonazzi Stefano, Cardoni Francesca, Petyx Marta, Iavicoli Sergio, Vitali Matteo
机构信息
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Department of Human Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
出版信息
Cancers (Basel). 2021 Dec 29;14(1):165. doi: 10.3390/cancers14010165.
BACKGROUND
Formaldehyde, classified as a carcinogen in 2004, as of today is widely used in many work activities. From its classification, further studies were performed to evaluate its carcinogenicity. The aim of the systematic review is to update the evidence on occupational exposure to formaldehyde and cancer onset.
METHODS
The review, in accordance with the PRISMA statement, includes articles in English reporting original results of studies conducted on workers exposed to formaldehyde, considering all types of cancer, published from 1 January 2000 to 30 July 2021 and selected from the Pubmed and Scopus databases. The studies' quality was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
RESULTS
A total of 21 articles were included, conducted in different European, American, and Asian countries. The most investigated occupational areas are those characterized by a deliberate use of formaldehyde. Some studies evaluated all types of cancer, whereas others focused on specific sites such as thyroid and respiratory, lymphohematopoietic, or central nervous systems. The results showed weak associations with lung cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, leukemia, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
CONCLUSIONS
The results demonstrate the need for further original studies carried out on representative samples of workers exposed to measured levels of FA. These studies should be designed to reduce the bias due to co-exposure to other carcinogens.
背景
甲醛于2004年被列为致癌物，如今在许多工作活动中被广泛使用。自其被分类以来，人们开展了进一步研究以评估其致癌性。本系统评价的目的是更新关于职业性接触甲醛与癌症发病的证据。
方法
该评价按照PRISMA声明，纳入了英文发表的、报告了对接触甲醛的工人进行研究的原始结果的文章，研究考虑了所有类型的癌症，发表时间为2000年1月1日至2021年7月30日，从PubMed和Scopus数据库中选取。研究质量通过纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表进行评估。
结果
共纳入21篇文章，这些研究在不同的欧洲、美洲和亚洲国家开展。研究最多的职业领域是那些故意使用甲醛的领域。一些研究评估了所有类型的癌症，而其他研究则聚焦于特定部位，如甲状腺、呼吸、淋巴造血或中枢神经系统部位。结果显示与肺癌、鼻咽癌、白血病和非霍奇金淋巴瘤存在弱关联。
结论
结果表明需要对接触特定水平甲醛的工人代表性样本开展进一步的原创性研究。这些研究应旨在减少因同时接触其他致癌物而产生偏倚。
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