克拉科夫大学医院接种疫苗时代前医护人员中 SARS-CoV-2 抗体的血清阳性率。
The Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies among HealthCare Workers in University Hospital in Krakow before the Era of Vaccination.
机构信息
Center for Innovative Therapy, Clinical Research Coordination Center, University Hospital in Krakow, 30-688 Krakow, Poland.
Laboratory for Research on Aging Society, Department of Sociology of Medicine, Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Medical Faculty, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-034 Krakow, Poland.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 29;19(7):4044. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19074044.
BACKGROUND
Knowledge of occupational health is crucial to the safety of healthcare workers in the pandemic period. The aim of our study was the rating of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in connection with selected demographic, social, and organizational factors, as well as the identification of key elements determining the safety of HCWs and patients of the University Hospital in Krakow.
METHODS
This was a non-interventional, uncontrolled, open, single-center, cross-sectional online survey on the preparedness for the COVID-19 epidemic and the seroprevalence of medical and non-medical HCWs and students. Serum specimens from 1221 persons were tested using an immunoassay analyzer based on the ECLIA technique for the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies IgM + IgG.
RESULTS
The total seroprevalence was 42.7%. In medical students it was 25.2%, while in physicians it was 43.4% and in nurses/midwives it was 48.1%. Of those who tested positive, 21.5% did not know their serological status. The use of personal protective equipment did not have any significant impact on the result of testing for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The risk of developing the disease was not influenced by sex, professional work experience, workplace, or intensity of contact with the patient. Among the studied elements, only care of COVID-19 patients significantly increased the risk. The protective factor was starting work between the waves of the epidemic (June-September 2020).
CONCLUSIONS
PPE is only one element of infection prevention and control-without other components, such as hand hygiene, it can be dangerous and contribute to self-infection. It is also very important to test healthcare workers. Not being aware of the COVID-19 status of HCWs poses a threat to other staff members, as well as patients and the family and friends of the infected. Thus, extreme caution should be applied when employing respirators with exhalation valves during the COVID-19 pandemic.
背景
在大流行期间，医护人员的职业健康知识对于他们的安全至关重要。我们的研究目的是评估 SARS-CoV-2 血清流行率与选定的人口统计学、社会和组织因素之间的关系，并确定影响克拉科夫大学医院医护人员和患者安全的关键因素。
方法
这是一项非干预性、非对照、开放式、单中心、横断面在线调查，旨在评估医护人员对 COVID-19 疫情的准备情况以及医学生和非医学生医护人员以及学生的血清流行率。使用基于 ECLIA 技术的免疫分析仪对 1221 人血清样本进行检测，以检测抗 SARS-CoV-2 抗体 IgM + IgG。
结果
总血清流行率为 42.7%。医学生的血清流行率为 25.2%，医生为 43.4%，护士/助产士为 48.1%。在检测呈阳性的人群中，21.5%的人不知道自己的血清学状态。使用个人防护设备对 SARS-CoV-2 抗体检测结果没有显著影响。性别、专业工作经验、工作场所或与患者接触的强度均不影响患病风险。在所研究的因素中，只有照顾 COVID-19 患者显著增加了患病风险。保护因素是在疫情高峰期（2020 年 6 月至 9 月）之间开始工作。
结论
个人防护设备只是感染预防和控制的一个要素——如果没有其他要素，如手卫生，它可能是危险的，并导致自我感染。对医护人员进行检测也非常重要。医护人员不知道自己的 COVID-19 状况会对其他工作人员、患者以及感染患者的家属和朋友构成威胁。因此，在 COVID-19 大流行期间，应谨慎使用带呼气阀的呼吸器。
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