自噬与 EMT 在癌症与转移中的作用：谁在控制谁？

Autophagy and EMT in cancer and metastasis: Who controls whom?

机构信息

ER stress and Mucosal Immunology lab, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania 7248, Australia; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.

Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania 7248, Australia.

出版信息

Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis. 2022 Sep 1;1868(9):166431. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166431. Epub 2022 May 6.

DOI:10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166431

PMID:35533903

Abstract

Metastasis consists of hallmark events, including Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), angiogenesis, initiation of inflammatory tumor microenvironment, and malfunctions in apoptosis. Autophagy is known to play a pivotal role in the metastatic process. Autophagy has pulled researchers towards it in recent times because of its dual role in the maintenance of cancer cells. Evidence states that cells undergoing EMT need autophagy in order to survive during migration and dissemination. Additionally, it orchestrates EMT markers in certain cancers. On the other side of the coin, autophagy plays an oncosuppressive role in impeding early metastasis. This review aims to project the interrelationship between autophagy and EMT. Targeting EMT via autophagy as a useful strategy is discussed in this review. Furthermore, for the first time, we have covered the possible reciprocating roles of EMT and autophagy and its consequences in cancer metastasis.

摘要

转移包括标志性事件，包括上皮-间充质转化（EMT）、血管生成、炎症肿瘤微环境的启动以及细胞凋亡的功能障碍。自噬在转移过程中起着关键作用。由于自噬在维持癌细胞方面具有双重作用，因此它最近引起了研究人员的关注。有证据表明，经历 EMT 的细胞需要自噬才能在迁移和扩散过程中存活。此外，它在某些癌症中协调 EMT 标志物。另一方面，自噬在抑制早期转移方面发挥着抗肿瘤抑制作用。本综述旨在探讨自噬与 EMT 之间的相互关系。本综述讨论了通过自噬靶向 EMT 作为一种有用的策略。此外，我们首次涵盖了 EMT 和自噬及其在癌症转移中的相互作用的可能后果。