丹麦首都大区二级保健中的患者安全文化及相关因素：专业、医疗保健职业和性别影响。
Patient safety culture and associated factors in secondary health care of the Capital Region of Denmark: influence of specialty, healthcare profession and gender.
机构信息
Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
出版信息
BMJ Open Qual. 2022 Oct;11(4). doi: 10.1136/bmjoq-2022-001908.
BACKGROUND
We aimed to explore (1) the influence of healthcare professionals' (HCPs') specialty, profession, gender and length of employment on their perception of six dimensions of patient safety culture (PSC) and (2) the relation between these characteristics and the two dimensions of safety climate and perception of management.
METHODS
In a cross-sectional study, a Danish version of the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire was sent to all HCPs at a large regional hospital organisation. This included hospitals, the Emergency Services, the Regional Pharmacy and the Centre for Diabetes corporations. A total of 30 230 HCPs received the survey. Differences between specialties, professions, gender and years of employment were tested for each dimension of PSC. Differences in mean attitude scores were tested using analysis of variance and differences in having a positive attitude were tested using logistic regression.
RESULTS
In total, 15 119 (50%) HCPs returned the survey. Significant differences are seen across hospitals and corporations for all dimensions of PSC. The proportion of HCPs with a positive attitude was largest regarding job satisfaction (74.8%) and lowest regarding perception of management (43.9%). Significant differences are seen in physicians' and nurses' perception of PSC in the different specialties within all dimensions of PSC except for the dimension of recognition of stress. Significant differences in positive perception of teamwork climate are seen between anaesthesiologists' (69.4%) and surgeons' (41.7%). No significant gender differences were found between physicians' and nurses' perception of safety climate and of management. In addition, we found an influence of years of employment on PSC.
DISCUSSION
Significant differences were found in HCPs' perception of PSC between corporations, specialties and professions. The lowest proportion of HCPs with a positive perception of PSC was found within the dimensions of safety climate and perception of management. These differences may have implications for teamwork and patient safety.
背景
本研究旨在探讨（1）医疗保健专业人员（HCPs）的专业、职业、性别和工作年限对其对患者安全文化（PSC）六个维度的感知的影响，以及（2）这些特征与安全氛围和管理层感知的两个维度之间的关系。
方法
采用横断面研究方法，向一家大型区域医院组织的所有 HCPs 发送丹麦版安全态度问卷。该组织包括医院、急救服务、区域药房和糖尿病中心。共有 30230 名 HCPs 收到了调查。对每个 PSC 维度的专业、职业、性别和工作年限进行了差异检验。使用方差分析检验态度得分的平均值差异，使用逻辑回归检验积极态度的差异。
结果
共有 15119 名（50%）HCPs 回复了调查。在所有 PSC 维度上，医院和公司之间都存在显著差异。对工作满意度的积极态度比例最高（74.8%），对管理的积极态度比例最低（43.9%）。在所有 PSC 维度中，除压力识别维度外，医生和护士对 PSC 的感知在不同专业之间存在显著差异。在团队合作氛围的积极感知方面，麻醉师（69.4%）和外科医生（41.7%）之间存在显著差异。在医生和护士对安全氛围和管理的感知方面，没有发现显著的性别差异。此外，我们还发现工作年限对 PSC 有影响。
讨论
在 HCPs 对 PSC 的感知方面，公司、专业和职业之间存在显著差异。在安全氛围和管理感知维度，对 PSC 持积极态度的 HCPs 比例最低。这些差异可能对团队合作和患者安全产生影响。
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