医院护士报告的护理临床领导力的属性、技能和行为：一项横断面研究。
Attributes, skills and actions of clinical leadership in nursing as reported by hospital nurses: a cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Mrayyan Majd T, Algunmeeyn Abdullah, Abunab Hamzeh Y, Kutah Ola A, Alfayoumi Imad, Khait Abdallah Abu
机构信息
Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
Advanced Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Isra University, Amman, Jordan.
出版信息
BMJ Lead. 2023 Jan 25;7(3). doi: 10.1136/leader-2022-000672.
BACKGROUND
Research shows a significant growth in clinical leadership from a nursing perspective; however, clinical leadership is still misunderstood in all clinical environments. Until now, clinical leaders were rarely seen in hospitals' top management and leadership roles.
PURPOSE
This study surveyed the attributes and skills of clinical nursing leadership and the actions that effective clinical nursing leaders can do.
METHODS
In 2020, a cross-sectional design was used in the current study using an online survey, with a non-random purposive sample of 296 registered nurses from teaching, public and private hospitals and areas of work in Jordan, yielding a 66% response rate. Data were analysed using descriptive analysis of frequency and central tendency measures, and comparisons were performed using independent t-tests.
RESULTS
The sample consists mostly of junior nurses. The 'most common' attributes associated with clinical nursing leadership were effective communication, clinical competence, approachability, role model and support. The 'least common' attribute associated with clinical nursing leadership was 'controlling'. The top-rated skills of clinical leaders were having a strong moral character, knowing right and wrong and acting appropriately. Leading change and service improvement were clinical leaders' top-rated actions. An independent t-test on key variables revealed substantial differences between male and female nurses regarding the actions and skills of effective clinical nursing leadership.
CONCLUSIONS
The current study looked at clinical leadership in Jordan's healthcare system, focusing on the role of gender in clinical nursing leadership. The findings advocate for clinical leadership by nurses as an essential element of value-based practice, and they influence innovation and change. As clinical leaders in various hospitals and healthcare settings, more empirical work is needed to build on clinical nursing in general and the attributes, skills and actions of clinical nursing leadership of nursing leaders and nurses.
背景
从护理角度来看，研究表明临床领导力有显著增长；然而，在所有临床环境中，临床领导力仍被误解。到目前为止，临床领导者很少出现在医院的高层管理和领导岗位上。
目的
本研究调查了临床护理领导力的属性和技能，以及有效的临床护理领导者能够采取的行动。
方法
2020年，本研究采用横断面设计，通过在线调查，从约旦的教学医院、公立医院和私立医院以及工作领域抽取了296名注册护士作为非随机目的样本，回复率为66%。使用频率和集中趋势测量的描述性分析对数据进行分析，并使用独立t检验进行比较。
结果
样本主要由初级护士组成。与临床护理领导力相关的“最常见”属性是有效沟通、临床能力、平易近人、榜样作用和支持。与临床护理领导力相关的“最不常见”属性是“控制”。临床领导者排名最高的技能是具有强烈的道德品质、明辨是非并采取适当行动。引领变革和服务改进是临床领导者排名最高的行动。对关键变量进行的独立t检验显示，在有效临床护理领导力的行动和技能方面，男护士和女护士之间存在显著差异。
结论
本研究着眼于约旦医疗系统中的临床领导力，重点关注性别在临床护理领导力中的作用。研究结果主张护士的临床领导力是基于价值的实践的一个基本要素，并且会影响创新和变革。作为不同医院和医疗环境中的临床领导者，需要更多的实证研究来进一步开展一般临床护理以及护理领导者和护士的临床护理领导力的属性、技能和行动方面的研究。
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