增加的妇女、婴儿和儿童专项营养补充计划现金价值福利与参与家庭中赎回的水果和蔬菜数量增加及种类多样化相关。
Increased WIC Cash Value Benefit is Associated with Greater Amount and Diversity of Redeemed Fruits and Vegetables among Participating Households.
作者信息
Anderson Christopher E, Au Lauren E, Yepez Catherine E, Ritchie Lorrene D, Tsai Marisa M, Whaley Shannon E
机构信息
Division of Research and Evaluation, Public Health Foundation Enterprises (PHFE) WIC, a program of Heluna Health, Irwindale, CA, United States.
Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States.
出版信息
Curr Dev Nutr. 2023 Aug 3;7(9):101986. doi: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.101986. eCollection 2023 Sep.
BACKGROUND
Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) food packages for children ages 1 to 4 y include a cash value benefit (CVB) redeemable for fruits and vegetables (FVs) with participating vendors. The CVB value was increased beginning in June 2021.
OBJECTIVES
This study evaluated associations of the augmented CVB with the amount and diversity of redeemed FVs.
METHODS
Price look-up codes (PLUs) in redemption data determined outcomes including (any, none), (United States dollars [USD]/mo), and (percent) in 54 FV commodity groups among a cohort of 1770 WIC-participating children in Southern California. Outcomes across all commodity groups for fresh fruits, fresh vegetables, and all FVs were evaluated including , , and (variety and balance among items redeemed). Comparisons were made between augmented CVB periods (35 USD/mo in June-September 2021, 24 USD/mo October 2021-June 2022) and the preaugment period (9 USD/mo in June 2020-May 2021). Associations were tested in multivariable generalized estimating equation Poisson (any redemption) and linear (amount, percent, diversity) regression models.
RESULTS
The augmented CVB was associated with higher prevalence and for 53 of 54 commodity groups at both 35 USD/mo and 24 USD/mo compared with 9 USD/mo. increased for both fruits, vegetables, and all produce during both augment periods, and modestly greater increases in redeemed fruits relative to vegetables were observed at 35 USD/mo. The most commonly redeemed vegetables were tomatoes, onions, cucumbers, peppers, and avocados and the most commonly redeemed fruits were bananas, apples, grapes, limes, and melons.
CONCLUSIONS
The augmented CVB was associated with greater redeemed FV amount and greater redeemed FV diversity. Data on FV intake diversity among WIC-participating children are needed to understand dietary impacts of the CVB increase.
背景
针对1至4岁儿童的妇女、婴儿和儿童特殊补充营养计划（WIC）食品包包含一项现金价值福利（CVB），可在参与计划的供应商处兑换水果和蔬菜（FV）。CVB的价值自2021年6月起提高。
目的
本研究评估了增加后的CVB与兑换的FV数量和种类之间的关联。
方法
兑换数据中的价格查询代码（PLU）确定了结果，包括南加州1770名参与WIC计划的儿童队列中54个FV商品组的（是否兑换）、（每月美元数[USD]）和（百分比）。评估了所有商品组中新鲜水果、新鲜蔬菜和所有FV的结果，包括、和（兑换物品之间的种类和平衡）。对增加后的CVB时期（2021年6月至9月为35美元/月，2021年10月至2022年6月为24美元/月）和增加前时期（2020年6月至2021年5月为9美元/月）进行了比较。在多变量广义估计方程泊松（是否兑换）和线性（数量、百分比、种类）回归模型中测试了关联。
结果
与9美元/月相比，增加后的CVB在35美元/月和24美元/月时，与54个商品组中的53个商品组更高的兑换患病率和兑换量相关。在两个增加时期，水果、蔬菜和所有农产品的兑换量均增加，在35美元/月时，观察到兑换水果的增加幅度相对于蔬菜略大。最常兑换的蔬菜是西红柿、洋葱、黄瓜、辣椒和鳄梨，最常兑换的水果是香蕉、苹果、葡萄、酸橙和甜瓜。
结论
增加后的CVB与更高的FV兑换量和更多样化的FV兑换种类相关。需要有关参与WIC计划儿童FV摄入多样性的数据，以了解CVB增加对饮食的影响。
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