一项关于生活压力源暴露如何影响运动员的健康、幸福和表现的定性探讨。
A qualitative exploration of how lifetime stressor exposure influences sport performers' health, well-being, and performance.
机构信息
Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK.
出版信息
Anxiety Stress Coping. 2024 Mar;37(2):233-250. doi: 10.1080/10615806.2023.2246023. Epub 2023 Sep 4.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Recent research has shown that lifetime stressor exposure can negatively impact sport performers. However, this work has predominantly relied on quantitative methods, which has provided limited information regarding stressors occurring over the life course affect health, well-being, and performance. This study aimed to explore how relatively high levels of lifetime (non-sport and sport-specific) stressor exposure influenced sport performers' health, well-being, and performance.
METHODS AND DESIGN
To identify participants who had experienced high lifetime (non-sport and sport-specific) stressors, we used criterion-based purposeful sampling from a prior study. Subsequently, semi-structured interviews, complemented by timelining, were conducted with 22 sport performers (17 female; = 25.89, = 10.20).
RESULTS
We used reflexive thematic analysis to develop three overarching themes that illustrate how high lifetime (non-sport and sport-specific) stressor exposure influences sport performers' health, well-being, and performance. These were: psychological (e.g., maladaptive coping strategies), social (e.g., difficulties in building relationships), and behavioral (e.g., risky behaviors) factors.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings can help practitioners identify sport performers at risk of developing stress-related health, well-being, and performance problems, and may aid the development of effective interventions.
背景和目的
最近的研究表明，终生压力源暴露会对运动员的表现产生负面影响。然而，这项工作主要依赖于定量方法，这对于了解整个生命历程中发生的压力源如何影响健康、幸福和表现提供了有限的信息。本研究旨在探讨相对较高水平的终生（非运动和运动特定）压力源暴露如何影响运动员的健康、幸福和表现。
方法和设计
为了确定经历过高水平终生（非运动和运动特定）压力源的参与者，我们从先前的研究中使用基于标准的有针对性的抽样方法。随后，对 22 名运动员（17 名女性；=25.89，=10.20）进行了半结构式访谈，并辅以时间线。
结果
我们使用反思性主题分析来开发三个总体主题，这些主题说明了高水平的终生（非运动和运动特定）压力源暴露如何影响运动员的健康、幸福和表现。这些主题包括心理因素（例如，适应不良的应对策略）、社会因素（例如，建立关系的困难）和行为因素（例如，冒险行为）。
结论
这些发现可以帮助从业者识别可能出现与压力相关的健康、幸福和表现问题的运动员，并可能有助于制定有效的干预措施。
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