免疫细胞表面 Toll 样受体 9 及其免疫调节作用。
Surface toll-like receptor 9 on immune cells and its immunomodulatory effect.
机构信息
Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
出版信息
Front Immunol. 2023 Sep 1;14:1259989. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1259989. eCollection 2023.
Toll like receptor 9 (TLR9) has been considered as a crucial intracellular pattern recognition receptor in the immune system, which can directly or indirectly mediate innate and adaptive immune responses by recognizing CpG DNA in endosomes to initiate its downstream signaling. However, TLR9 can also be expressed on the membrane surface of some immune and non-immune cells, called surface TLR9 (sTLR9), which covers the TLR9 and its immunomodulatory role with a mysterious veil. In this review, we mainly focus on the sTLR9 expressed on neutrophils, B cells and erythrocytes, and its immunomodulatory roles displayed alone or in coordination with endosomal TLR9 (eTLR9), providing a theoretical reference for the application of its modulators.
Toll 样受体 9（TLR9）被认为是免疫系统中一种重要的细胞内模式识别受体，它可以通过识别内体中的 CpG DNA 直接或间接介导先天和适应性免疫反应，从而启动其下游信号转导。然而，TLR9 也可以表达在一些免疫和非免疫细胞的膜表面，称为膜表面 TLR9（sTLR9），它用神秘的面纱覆盖 TLR9 及其免疫调节作用。在这篇综述中，我们主要关注表达在中性粒细胞、B 细胞和红细胞上的 sTLR9 及其单独或与内体 TLR9（eTLR9）协同发挥的免疫调节作用，为其调节剂的应用提供理论参考。
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