COVID-19 的防治在血液透析治疗患者中的应用。
The prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in patients treated with hemodialysis.
机构信息
National Institution of Drug Clinical Trial, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
出版信息
Eur J Med Res. 2023 Oct 9;28(1):410. doi: 10.1186/s40001-023-01389-9.
Patients treated with hemodialysis are often immunocompromised due to concomitant disease. As a result, this population is at high risk of infection and mortality from COVID-19. In addition to symptomatic treatment, a series of antiviral drugs targeting COVID-19 are now emerging. However, these antivirals are used mainly in mild or moderate patients with high-risk factors for progression to severe disease and are not available as pre- or post-exposure prophylaxis for COVID-19. There is a lack of clinical data on the use of anti-COVID-19 drugs, especially in patients treated with hemodialysis, therefore, vaccination remains the main measure to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection in these patients. Here, we review the clinical features and prognosis of patients on hemodialysis infected with SARS-CoV-2, the main anti-COVID-19 drugs currently available for clinical use, and the safety and efficacy of anti-COVID-19 drugs or COVID-19 vaccination in patients treated with hemodialysis. This information will provide a reference for the treatment and vaccination of COVID-19 in patients treated with hemodialysis and maximize the health benefits of these patients during the outbreak.
接受血液透析治疗的患者常因合并症而免疫功能低下。因此，该人群感染 COVID-19 病毒和由此导致死亡的风险很高。除了对症治疗外，目前还出现了一系列针对 COVID-19 的抗病毒药物。然而，这些抗病毒药物主要用于有进展为重症疾病高风险因素的轻症或中度患者，不能作为 COVID-19 的暴露前或暴露后预防用药。目前关于抗 COVID-19 药物的临床应用数据有限，特别是在接受血液透析治疗的患者中，因此，疫苗接种仍然是预防这些患者 SARS-CoV-2 感染的主要措施。在这里，我们回顾了感染 SARS-CoV-2 的血液透析患者的临床特征和预后、目前可用于临床的主要抗 COVID-19 药物，以及抗 COVID-19 药物或 COVID-19 疫苗在接受血液透析治疗的患者中的安全性和有效性。这些信息将为血液透析患者 COVID-19 的治疗和疫苗接种提供参考，使这些患者在疫情期间最大程度地受益于健康。
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