自噬作为1型或2型麻风反应期间清除病原体的一种策略：系统评价
Xenophagy as a Strategy for Elimination during Type 1 or Type 2 Leprosy Reactions: A Systematic Review.
作者信息
Cerqueira Débora Dantas Nucci, Pereira Ana Letícia Silva, da Costa Ana Elisa Coelho, de Souza Tarcísio Joaquim, de Sousa Fernandes Matheus Santos, Souto Fabrício Oliveira, Santos Patrícia d'Emery Alves
机构信息
Department of Immunology, Keizo Asami Institute-iLIKA, Federal University of Pernambuco-UFPE, Recife 50670-901, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Biology Applied to Health-PPGBAS, Federal University of Pernambuco-UFPE, Recife 50670-901, Pernambuco, Brazil.
出版信息
Pathogens. 2023 Dec 15;12(12):1455. doi: 10.3390/pathogens12121455.
BACKGROUND
is an intracellular bacillus that causes leprosy, a neglected disease that affects macrophages and Schwann cells. Leprosy reactions are acute inflammatory responses to mycobacterial antigens, classified as type1 (T1R), a predominant cellular immune response, or type2 (T2R), a humoral phenomenon, leading to a high number of bacilli in infected cells and nerve structures. Xenophagy is a type of selective autophagy that targets intracellular bacteria for lysosomal degradation; however, its immune mechanisms during leprosy reactions are still unclear. This review summarizes the relationship between the autophagic process and elimination during leprosy reactions.
METHODS
Three databases, PubMed/Medline (n = 91), Scopus (n = 73), and ScienceDirect (n = 124), were searched. After applying the eligibility criteria, articles were selected for independent peer reviewers in August 2023.
RESULTS
From a total of 288 studies retrieved, eight were included. In multibacillary (MB) patients who progressed to T1R, xenophagy blockade and increased inflammasome activation were observed, with IL-1β secretion before the reactional episode occurrence. On the other hand, recent data actually observed increased IL-15 levels before the reaction began, as well as IFN-γ production and xenophagy induction.
CONCLUSION
Our search results showed a dichotomy in the T1R development and their relationship with xenophagy. No T2R studies were found.
背景
麻风杆菌是一种胞内杆菌，可引发麻风病，这是一种影响巨噬细胞和施万细胞的被忽视疾病。麻风反应是对分枝杆菌抗原的急性炎症反应，分为1型（T1R），一种主要的细胞免疫反应，或2型（T2R），一种体液现象，导致感染细胞和神经结构中出现大量杆菌。异噬作用是一种选择性自噬，其靶向胞内细菌进行溶酶体降解；然而，其在麻风反应期间的免疫机制仍不清楚。本综述总结了麻风反应期间自噬过程与清除之间的关系。
方法
检索了三个数据库，即PubMed/Medline（n = 91）、Scopus（n = 73）和ScienceDirect（n = 124）。在应用纳入标准后，于2023年8月选择文章进行独立同行评审。
结果
在总共检索到的288项研究中，纳入了8项。在进展为T1R的多菌型（MB）患者中，观察到异噬作用受阻和炎性小体激活增加，在反应发作前有IL-1β分泌。另一方面，最近的数据实际观察到在反应开始前IL-15水平升高，以及IFN-γ产生和异噬作用诱导。
结论
我们的检索结果显示了T1R发展及其与异噬作用关系的二分法。未发现关于T2R的研究。
Zotero 插件