Metabolite Profiling of Leaves Using UHPLC-qTOF-MS/MS and the Senomorphic Activity of Phenolamides.

The plant , a member of the genus, has a rich history of culinary and medicinal use. Recent studies have unveiled its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. While research on has demonstrated its neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory effects, the specific bioactive compounds responsible for these effects remain unidentified in prior research. This study utilized an untargeted metabolomic approach, employing HRESI-qTOF MS/MS-based molecular networking, to comprehensively profile the chemical composition of metabolites in and identify new compounds within the plant. As a result, ten compounds, comprising one novel flavonoid () and nine known compounds ( and -), were isolated and identified through NMR analysis. The inhibitory effects of all isolated compounds on the senescent cell-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which is pivotal in neuroprotective actions, were evaluated. Biological activity testing revealed --feruloyltyramine () to be the most potent compound, effectively inhibiting SASP markers and contributing to the senomorphic activities of . These findings underscore the potential of phenolamides from as a promising source of bioactive compounds for mitigating senescence-associated diseases.