母亲孕期纤维摄入量与儿童期注意缺陷多动障碍症状的发展：挪威母婴队列研究。

Maternal Fiber Intake During Pregnancy and Development of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms Across Childhood: The Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study.

机构信息

Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway; Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Outpatient Unit, Hospital Betanien, Bergen, Norway.

Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway.

出版信息

Biol Psychiatry. 2024 May 1;95(9):839-848. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.12.017. Epub 2023 Dec 22.

DOI:10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.12.017

PMID:38142720

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Epidemiological studies suggest that maternal diet quality during pregnancy may influence the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring. Here, we investigated associations between maternal intake of dietary fiber and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in early childhood.

METHODS

We used longitudinal data of up to 21,852 mother-father-child trios (49.2% female offspring) from MoBa (the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study). The relationships between maternal fiber intake during pregnancy and offspring ADHD symptoms at ages 3, 5, and 8 years were examined using 1) multivariate regression (overall levels of ADHD symptoms), 2) latent class analysis (subclasses of ADHD symptoms by sex at each age), and 3) latent growth curves (longitudinal change in offspring ADHD symptoms). Covariates were ADHD polygenic scores in child and parents, total energy intake and energy-adjusted sugar intake, parental ages at birth of the child, and sociodemographic factors.

RESULTS

Higher maternal prenatal fiber intake was associated with lower offspring ADHD symptom scores at all ages (B = -0.14 [95% CI, -0.18 to -0.10]; B = -0.14 [95% CI, -0.19 to -0.09]; B = -0.14 [95% CI, -0.20 to -0.09]). Of the derived low/middle/high subclasses of ADHD symptoms, fiber was associated with lower risk of belonging to the middle subclass for boys and girls and to the high subclass for girls only (middle: odds ratio 0.91 [95% CI, 0.86 to 0.97]/odds ratio 0.86 [95% CI, 0.81 to 0.91]; high: odds ratio 0.82 [95% CI, 0.72 to 0.94]). Maternal fiber intake and rate of change in child ADHD symptoms across ages were not associated.

CONCLUSIONS

Low prenatal maternal fiber intake may increase symptom levels of ADHD in offspring during childhood, independently of genetic predisposition to ADHD, unhealthy dietary exposures, and sociodemographic factors.

摘要

背景

流行病学研究表明，母亲在怀孕期间的饮食质量可能会影响后代神经发育障碍的风险。在这里，我们研究了母体膳食纤维摄入与儿童早期注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）症状之间的关系。

方法

我们使用了来自 MoBa（挪威母婴儿童队列研究）的多达 21852 对母婴儿童三人组（49.2%的女性后代）的纵向数据。使用 1）多元回归（ADHD 症状的总体水平）、2）潜在类别分析（每个年龄的性别亚类 ADHD 症状）和 3）潜在增长曲线（儿童 ADHD 症状的纵向变化）来检查妊娠期间母亲纤维摄入与子女 ADHD 症状之间的关系。协变量是儿童和父母的 ADHD 多基因评分、总能量摄入和能量调整后的糖摄入量、儿童出生时父母的年龄以及社会人口因素。

结果

较高的母亲产前纤维摄入量与所有年龄段的子女 ADHD 症状评分较低有关（B=-0.14[95%CI，-0.18 至-0.10]；B=-0.14[95%CI，-0.19 至-0.09]；B=-0.14[95%CI，-0.20 至-0.09]）。在所得到的 ADHD 症状低/中/高亚类中，纤维与男孩和女孩属于中类和女孩属于高类的风险较低相关（中类：优势比 0.91[95%CI，0.86 至 0.97]/优势比 0.86[95%CI，0.81 至 0.91]；高类：优势比 0.82[95%CI，0.72 至 0.94]）。母亲纤维摄入量和儿童 ADHD 症状在各年龄段的变化率之间没有关联。