Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain.
Grupo de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia.
Nutrients. 2023 Dec 28;16(1):104. doi: 10.3390/nu16010104.
The objective of this study is to examine gender disparities in body satisfaction perception, emphasizing the influence of nutritional habits, psychometric assessments, levels of physical activity, and health-related metrics. Employing a sample of 605 strength-trained participants (385 males and 224 females), aged between 20 and 35 years, and regularly engaged in strength training, we conducted a thorough analysis using Google Forms. We evaluated variables including age, anthropometric data, resistance training frequency, food consumption patterns, and psychological profiles. Our findings indicate significant gender-based differences in body satisfaction perception. Females tend to overestimate their muscular size and express heightened concern regarding gluteal shape, while males exhibit a more realistic self-perception, primarily focused on hip width. Dietary patterns also display gender-specific tendencies; females prefer healthier options like vegetables, whereas males consume more milk, fermented products, and carbohydrates. Hydration practices diverge as well, with females showing higher water intake in contrast to males' preference for alcoholic and carbonated beverages. Psychologically, males demonstrate greater extroversion, while females exhibit higher conscientiousness, openness, and a tendency toward negative thoughts and anxiety. Regarding physical activity, females engage in training sessions with greater volume compared to males. This study highlights the intricate interplay of social, cultural, and personal factors shaping gender-specific perceptions of body satisfaction and their subsequent impact on health and lifestyle choices. These insights pave the way for future specialized interventions and research, underscoring the importance of understanding gender-specific nuances to promote healthy body satisfaction and self-perception.
本研究旨在探讨身体满意度感知方面的性别差异,强调营养习惯、心理评估、身体活动水平和健康相关指标的影响。研究采用了一份由 605 名力量训练参与者(385 名男性和 224 名女性)组成的样本,年龄在 20 至 35 岁之间,定期进行力量训练。我们使用 Google Forms 进行了全面分析。评估了年龄、人体测量数据、抗阻训练频率、食物消费模式和心理特征等变量。研究结果表明,身体满意度感知方面存在显著的性别差异。女性倾向于高估自己的肌肉大小,并对臀部形状表示高度关注,而男性则表现出更现实的自我认知,主要关注臀宽。饮食模式也存在性别特异性倾向;女性更喜欢蔬菜等更健康的选择,而男性则更喜欢牛奶、发酵产品和碳水化合物。水分摄入也存在差异,女性的水分摄入量较高,而男性则更喜欢酒精和碳酸饮料。从心理角度来看,男性表现出更高的外向性,而女性则表现出更高的尽责性、开放性以及负面思维和焦虑倾向。在身体活动方面,女性的训练量比男性更大。本研究强调了社会、文化和个人因素的复杂相互作用,这些因素塑造了性别特异性的身体满意度感知,以及它们对健康和生活方式选择的后续影响。这些见解为未来的专门干预和研究铺平了道路,强调了理解性别差异的重要性,以促进健康的身体满意度和自我认知。