对 RSV 及其预防策略的意大利儿科医生样本的知识、态度和行为：一项横断面研究。
Knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of a sample of Italian paediatricians towards RSV and its preventive strategies: a cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Department of Life Science and Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy.
Department Neurofarba, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy.
出版信息
Ital J Pediatr. 2024 Feb 29;50(1):35. doi: 10.1186/s13052-024-01593-1.
BACKGROUND
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection mainly affects newborns, infants and young children aged < 2 years. Since an RSV vaccine is in the European Medicines Agency's waitlist validation, nowadays the prevention only includes passive immunization with monoclonal antibodies (mAb). In the present study we aimed at investigating Italian paediatricians' knowledge, attitudes and behaviours towards RSV and its prevention.
METHODS
From February to May 2023, an anonymous online questionnaire, with answers based on the Likert scale, was administered to a sample of Italian paediatricians' members of the Italian Society of Paediatrics. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed using STATA 17.
RESULTS
The paediatricians who answered the questionnaire were 507, mostly women (70.6%), aged 30-45 (33.1%), employed in hospitals in 66.6% of cases. The 10.8% of respondents reported that RSV is transmitted only among children younger than 2 years of age and 80.33% of participants that school-age children are not at risk of developing severe forms of RSV disease. The 25% of participants thought that active immunization is currently available to prevent RSV infection and 35.7% that does not exist passive immunization to prevent RSV for infants and newborns aged < 2 years. The 97.5% of physicians managed bronchiolitis cases and 65.6% of participants did not prescribe the administration of mAb. Higher age, seniority and RSV knowledge score were found to be associated with having a higher mAb knowledge score (p < 0.001) and having a higher RSV knowledge was associated with a higher mAb knowledge score (p < 0.001). The logistic regression model found that the odds of a positive attitude towards mAB knowledge score increased by over 3 times (OR 3.23, 95% CI [1.41, 7.40], p = 0.006) for being female and the odds of a positive attitude towards mAB knowledge score increased by almost 10 times (OR 9.73, 95% CI [3.06, 30.89], p < 0.001) for a one-unit increase in RSV knowledge score.
CONCLUSIONS
Paediatricians' limited knowledge or awareness could represent a barrier to the implementation of preventive strategies against RSV infection. Strategies to improve paediatricians' education on RSV prevention are, therefore, crucial.
背景
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）感染主要影响新生儿、婴儿和 2 岁以下的幼儿。由于 RSV 疫苗在欧洲药品管理局的等待名单验证中，目前的预防措施仅包括使用单克隆抗体（mAb）进行被动免疫。在本研究中，我们旨在调查意大利儿科医生对 RSV 及其预防的知识、态度和行为。
方法
2023 年 2 月至 5 月，对意大利儿科学会成员的意大利儿科医生进行了一项匿名在线问卷调查，答案基于李克特量表。使用 STATA 17 进行描述性和推断性统计分析。
结果
回答问卷的儿科医生有 507 人，其中大多数是女性（70.6%），年龄在 30-45 岁之间（33.1%），66.6%的人在医院工作。10.8%的受访者报告说 RSV 仅在 2 岁以下的儿童中传播，80.33%的参与者认为学龄儿童不会有患严重 RSV 疾病的风险。25%的参与者认为目前有主动免疫可预防 RSV 感染，35.7%的人认为目前没有针对 2 岁以下婴儿和新生儿的 RSV 被动免疫。97.5%的医生管理毛细支气管炎病例，65.6%的参与者未开处方使用 mAb。较高的年龄、职称和 RSV 知识得分与更高的 mAb 知识得分相关（p<0.001），而较高的 RSV 知识得分与更高的 mAb 知识得分相关（p<0.001）。逻辑回归模型发现，对 mAb 知识评分持积极态度的几率增加了 3 倍以上（比值比 3.23，95%置信区间[1.41, 7.40]，p=0.006），而对 mAb 知识评分持积极态度的几率增加了近 10 倍（比值比 9.73，95%置信区间[3.06, 30.89]，p<0.001），因为 RSV 知识评分增加了 1 个单位。
结论
儿科医生知识或意识有限可能成为实施 RSV 感染预防策略的障碍。因此，提高儿科医生对 RSV 预防教育的策略至关重要。
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