Boron modification promoting electrochemical surface reconstruction of NiFe-LDH for efficient and stable freshwater/seawater oxidation catalysis.

Transition metal-based electrocatalysts generally take place surface reconstruction in alkaline conditions, but little is known about how to improve the reconstruction to a highly active oxyhydroxide surface for an efficient and stable oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, we develop a strategy to accelerate surface reconstruction by combining boron modification and cyclic voltammetry (CV) activation. Density functional theory calculations and in-situ/ex-situ characterizations indicate that both B-doping and electrochemical activation can reduce the energy barrier and contribute to the surface evolution into highly active oxyhydroxides. The formed oxyhydroxide active phase can tune the electronic configuration and boost the OER process. The reconstructed catalyst of CV-B-NiFe-LDH displays excellent alkaline OER performance in freshwater, simulated seawater, and natural seawater with low overpotentials at 100 mA cm (η: 219, 236, and 255 mV, respectively) and good durability. This catalyst also presents outstanding Cl corrosion resistance in alkalized seawater electrolytes. The CV-B-NiFe-LDH||Pt/C electrolyzer reveals prominent performance for alkalized freshwater/seawater splitting. This study provides a guideline for developing advanced OER electrocatalysts by promoting surface reconstruction.