地中海饮食模式和生活方式因素与生育诊所男性精液质量的相关性：一项横断面研究。

College of Medicine, University of Garmian, Kalar, Iraq.

Nursing Department, Kalar Technical Institute, Garmian Polytechnic University, Kalar, Iraq.

Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2024 Nov;302:262-267. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.09.036. Epub 2024 Sep 24.

BACKGROUND

While numerous studies have examined the impact of individual or combined nutrients on semen quality, research on the correlation between overall dietary patterns and semen quality remains limited. This cross-sectional study investigates the relationship between adherence to the alternative Mediterranean diet (aMED) and semen quality.

METHODS

A total of 274 men, presenting with both normal and abnormal semen parameters, participated in this study. Dietary data were collected using a 147-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Participants were divided into three groups based on their adherence to the Mediterranean diet (T1, T2, and T3). Statistical analyses, including ANOVA for numerical data and Chi-square tests for categorical data, were conducted. Multivariable logistic regression models were employed to estimate the association between aMED scores and abnormal semen parameters.

RESULTS

Participants in the highest adherence group (T3) were younger and had lower BMI compared to those in the other tertiles. Significant differences in sperm parameters were observed across the tertiles. T3 recorded the highest levels of sperm concentration, total sperm count, motility, progressive motility, and normal morphology (57.53 ± 36.16, 213.8 ± 158.9, 73.4 ± 25.9, 61.2 ± 24.6, and 6.42 ± 1.51, respectively), whereas T1 had the lowest values (11.92 ± 22.29, 43.3 ± 73.8, 36.7 ± 33.8, 4.6 ± 5.7, respectively). No significant differences were found in semen volume and viscosity. The regression analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between aMED scores and sperm concentration (B = 1.32, P = 0.001), total sperm count (B = 1.12, P = 0.001), and total motility (B = 0.71, P = 0.001).

CONCLUSION

Adherence to a high-quality Mediterranean diet is positively associated with improved semen quality and increased male fertility potential. Promoting healthy dietary patterns may be an effective strategy to enhance sperm motility and overall male reproductive health.

背景

尽管有许多研究探讨了单一或多种营养素对精液质量的影响，但关于整体饮食模式与精液质量之间的相关性研究仍然有限。本横断面研究调查了替代地中海饮食（aMED）的依从性与精液质量之间的关系。

方法

共有 274 名男性参与了这项研究，他们的精液参数既有正常的也有异常的。使用 147 项半定量食物频率问卷（FFQ）收集饮食数据。根据地中海饮食的依从程度（T1、T2 和 T3），将参与者分为三组。进行了包括数值数据的方差分析和分类数据的卡方检验在内的统计分析。采用多变量逻辑回归模型估计 aMED 评分与异常精液参数之间的关联。

结果

最高依从组（T3）的参与者年龄较小，BMI 较低。精子参数在三分位组之间存在显著差异。T3 组记录的精子浓度、总精子数、活力、前向运动精子比例和正常形态精子比例最高（分别为 57.53±36.16、213.8±158.9、73.4±25.9、61.2±24.6 和 6.42±1.51），而 T1 组记录的这些值最低（分别为 11.92±22.29、43.3±73.8、36.7±33.8、4.6±5.7）。精液量和黏度无显著差异。回归分析显示，aMED 评分与精子浓度（B=1.32，P=0.001）、总精子数（B=1.12，P=0.001）和总活力（B=0.71，P=0.001）呈显著正相关。