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白内障形成中的氧化应激:是否即将出现一种治疗方法?

Oxidative Stress in Cataract Formation: Is There a Treatment Approach on the Horizon?

作者信息

Li Jingyan, Buonfiglio Francesco, Zeng Ying, Pfeiffer Norbert, Gericke Adrian

机构信息

Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.

出版信息

Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Oct 16;13(10):1249. doi: 10.3390/antiox13101249.

Abstract

Cataracts, a leading cause of blindness worldwide, are closely linked to oxidative stress-induced damage to lens epithelial cells (LECs). Key factors contributing to cataract formation include aging, arterial hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Given the high global prevalence of cataracts, the burden of cataract-related visual impairment is substantial, highlighting the need for pharmacological strategies to supplement surgical interventions. Understanding the molecular pathways involved in oxidative stress during cataract development may offer valuable insights for designing novel therapeutic approaches. This review explores the role of oxidative stress in cataract formation, focusing on critical mechanisms, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, loss of gap junctions, and various cell death pathways in LECs. Additionally, we discuss emerging therapeutic strategies and potential targeting options, including antioxidant-based treatments.

摘要

白内障是全球失明的主要原因,与氧化应激诱导的晶状体上皮细胞(LEC)损伤密切相关。导致白内障形成的关键因素包括衰老、动脉高血压和糖尿病。鉴于白内障在全球的高患病率,白内障相关视力损害的负担相当大,这凸显了补充手术干预的药理学策略的必要性。了解白内障发展过程中氧化应激所涉及的分子途径,可能为设计新的治疗方法提供有价值的见解。本综述探讨氧化应激在白内障形成中的作用,重点关注关键机制,如线粒体功能障碍、内质网应激、缝隙连接丧失以及LEC中的各种细胞死亡途径。此外,我们还讨论了新兴的治疗策略和潜在的靶向选择,包括基于抗氧化剂的治疗方法。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6bf9/11505147/add09702eda8/antioxidants-13-01249-g001.jpg

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