Molecular Assessment Using the MASTDISCS® Combi D72C Set for the Phenotypic Detection of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases, AmpC Beta-Lactamases, and Carbapenemase Enzymes in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Beta-lactam resistance poses a global issue and a considerable challenge to effective antimicrobial therapy. The study aimed to ascertain the phenotypic and genotype traits of carbapenemase, extended-spectrum beta (β)-lactamases (ESBL), and AmpC β-lactamase-producing isolates collected from hospitals. A range of clinical samples consisted of 63 ) and 30 isolates. Phenotypic characterization was carried out utilizing the MASTDISCS® Combi ESBL, AmpC, and carbapenemase detection set-D72C (Mast Group Ltd, Bootle, United Kingdom). Molecular assays were used to detect carbapenemase, ESBL, and AmpC genes. Both and clinical isolates exhibited noticeably enhanced resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. MASTDISCS® Combi D72C phenotype detection tests revealed that 57 (90.6%) and 30 (100%) isolates produced ESBL and AmpC enzymes, with evidence of carbapenemase activity. The majority of isolates had at least one β-lactamase-related gene. Based on molecular findings, the majority of ESBL-producing isolates in both pathogens had 17 (56.6%) of the bla gene in and 16 (53.3%) of the bla gene in both pathogens. The AmpC-associated genes, both bla and bla, were exposed in five (16.6%) isolates and nine (30%) and 10 (33.3%) among respectively. In terms of the carbapenemase gene, bla was the most prevalent gene, appearing in 20 (66.6%) of the two pathogens.This study demonstrated that and that produceβ-lactamases have emergedas pathogens linked to infections in healthcare settings. Accurate identification of β-lactamase-producing bacterial pathogens is essential for patient treatment. We observed co-expression of AmpC, carbapenemase, and ESBL genes in most isolates, indicating a need to implement modern plans against these pathogens.