Effectiveness of Pharmacopuncture for Neuropathic Dysfunction: Clinical Evidence and Potential Mechanism.

Animal venoms, particularly venom, have gained significant attention as therapeutic agents in complementary and alternative medicine, especially for applications in pain management and neuroprotection. In traditional Korean medicine, venom is administered through pharmacopuncture, a method that combines injection therapy with principals of acupuncture. The present review focuses on the multifaceted effects of pharmacopuncture, derived from , on the peripheral nervous system, and its potential role in addressing the neuropathic dysfunction that often arises from peripheral nerve injuries. venom exhibits various pharmacological properties, including analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. Experimental studies have shown that pharmacopuncture significantly reduces neuropathic pain in animal models by modulating ion channels and inflammatory pathways. Clinical investigations have further revealed its efficacy in alleviating pain associated with conditions such as Bell's palsy and carpal tunnel syndrome. Despite its promising therapeutic potential, the lack of comprehensive clinical research on the toxicity and safety profiles of SPP remains a critical limitation. Future studies should focus on evaluating the safety of venom as a standalone treatment and incorporate broader data sources to enhance our understanding of its implications in clinical practice.