Analysis of the Distribution Characteristics and Changes of Drug Resistance of Pathogens in Patients with Urinary Tract Infection Across Southwest China From 2019 to 2023.

OBJECTIVE

To analyze the changes in the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria causing urinary tract infections in Southwest China from 2019 to 2023, and to provide an accurate scientific basis for empirical clinical use.

METHODS

The identification results and drug susceptibility tests of non-duplicate pathogens isolated from urine samples of patients in Sichuan region from 2019 to 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The results obtained were interpreted with reference to CLSI M100-33th and analyzed with WHONET 5.6 software.

RESULTS

A total of 247295 strains of pathogens were detected, including 188551 gram-negative strains (76.2%). The positive rate of female patients (56.8%) was significantly higher than that of male patients (43.2%). The top five most common urinary pathogens were (50.5%), (11.5%), (8.5%), (6.5%), and (2.9%). The resistance rate of to levofloxacin, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone was higher (>50%) and had a certain upward trend. The resistance rates of to imipenem and meropenem increased from 7.8% and 9.6% in 2019 to 11.6% and 13.2% in 2023, respectively, much higher than the resistance rates of to carbapenem antibiotics (<2%). and still maintained high activity against tigecycline and polymyxin B. The drug resistance rate of to imipenem and meropenem was more than 27.4%. The resistance rates of and to vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid were lower than 3.4%. There was an increasing trend in the detection of CRE-KPN among multidrug-resistant bacteria, and a slight decreasing trend in CRPA and CRAB.

CONCLUSION

The main pathogens of urinary tract infections were and . The drug resistance rates of main clinically isolated bacteria in urine samples showed a diverse trend. Antibiotics should be rationally selected based on the resistance patterns of the pathogens. At the same time, with the continuous detection of multi-drug resistant bacteria VRE and CRE, we have a long way to go in future drug resistance monitoring.