常见病原体：呼吸道合胞病毒和鼻病毒引发哮喘的发生与加重。
The usual suspects: Respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus drive asthma development and exacerbation.
作者信息
Nguyen Victoria T, Roth Kristina, Engelhardt Emily, Pearlstein Adam, Davita Theresia R, Grayson Mitchell H
机构信息
Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Otolaryngology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Otolaryngology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
出版信息
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2025 Apr 25. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2025.04.013.
Recurrent wheeze and asthma are major health problems, especially in children. Respiratory viral infections are known to induce recurrent wheeze and asthma. Two respiratory viruses associated with most recurrent wheeze and asthma development are respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rhinovirus (RV). This review evaluates the roles these 2 viruses play in the development of wheeze and asthma. RSV tends to drive recurrent wheeze in those infants who have a severe infection in the first 2 to 6 months of life and do not have preexisting atopy. This is in contrast with RV, which tends to drive wheeze and asthma in those with preexisting atopy. In the review, the mechanisms that have been proposed to drive the development of asthma and wheeze are explored. Finally, newer developments, such as vaccines, are discussed. In particular, vaccines and treatment for RSV have the potential to alter the development of recurrent wheezing, although vaccines and treatment for RV remain elusive. Both RSV and RV remain a major source of recurrent wheezing in young children.
反复喘息和哮喘是主要的健康问题，尤其在儿童中。已知呼吸道病毒感染会诱发反复喘息和哮喘。与大多数反复喘息和哮喘发生相关的两种呼吸道病毒是呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）和鼻病毒（RV）。本综述评估了这两种病毒在喘息和哮喘发生过程中所起的作用。RSV往往会在出生后头2至6个月内发生严重感染且无预先存在特应性的婴儿中引发反复喘息。这与RV形成对比，RV往往会在预先存在特应性的人群中引发喘息和哮喘。在该综述中，探讨了已提出的驱动哮喘和喘息发生的机制。最后，讨论了诸如疫苗等新进展。特别是，RSV疫苗和治疗有可能改变反复喘息的发生，尽管RV疫苗和治疗仍难以实现。RSV和RV仍然是幼儿反复喘息的主要原因。
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