AMP-IBP5: A Multifunctional Antimicrobial Peptide for Advanced Wound Healing and Inflammatory Skin Disorders.

Wound healing is a complex, multiphase process crucial for restoring tissue integrity and functionality after injury. Among the emerging therapeutic approaches, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have shown substantial promise because of their dual role in microbial defense and cellular modulation. AMP-IBP5, a novel AMP derived from insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5, exhibits both antimicrobial and wound-healing properties, making it a promising therapeutic candidate. This peptide exhibits robust antimicrobial activity, augments keratinocyte proliferation, increases fibroblast migration, induces angiogenesis, and modulates the immune response. Mechanistically, AMP-IBP5 activates Mas-related G protein-coupled receptors and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) in keratinocytes, stimulating IL-8 production and vascular endothelial growth factor expression to accelerate wound healing. This molecule also interacts with LRP1 in fibroblasts to increase cell migration and promote angiogenesis while mitigating inflammatory responses through targeted cytokine modulation. Preclinical studies have demonstrated its remarkable efficacy in promoting tissue repair in diabetic wounds and inflammatory skin conditions, including atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. This review delves into the broad therapeutic potential of AMP-IBP5 across dermatological applications, focusing on its intricate mechanisms of action, comparative advantages, and its path toward clinical and commercial application.