Aboukeila Hesham, Chokkapu Eswara Rao, Tu Hang-Fei, Singh Onkar, Diment Wilfred T, Xu Shu, Urgun-Demirtas Meltem, Klier John, Huber George W, Grady Brian P, Chen Eugene Y-X
School of Sustainable Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, United States.
Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523-1872, United States.
ChemSusChem. 2025 Sep 1;18(17):e202501080. doi: 10.1002/cssc.202501080. Epub 2025 Jul 10.
Biobased polymers are gaining traction toward more sustainable flexible-film packaging, yet overcoming trade-offs between their performance properties and end-of-life (EoL) options still remains a challenge. Here, it is shown that biobased poly(dodecylene 2,5-furanoate) (PDDF), synthesized via both step-growth polycondensation and chain-growth ring-opening polymerization methods, exhibits advantages not only in gas barrier properties but also in EoL options due to its biodegradability and closed-loop chemical circularity. Specifically, PDDF displays significantly lower oxygen and carbon dioxide permeability than commercial poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) and linear low-density polyethylene , alongside a markedly higher modulus (by ≈3 ×) and reduced water vapor transmission rate compared to PBAT. This superior performance is attributed to the inherently rigid, polar, H-bonding furan rings that enhance chain interaction, packing and crystallinity and thus reduce free volume impeding gas diffusion, while the long hydrophobic dodecylene segments inhibit water permeation. Furthermore, PDDF can be recycled back to its cyclic monomer by base-catalyzed depolymerization or diester and diol monomers by simple methanolysis. These superior barrier properties, coupled with biodegradation and closed-loop circularity, highlight the potential of the biobased PDDF as a more sustainable alternative for packaging.
生物基聚合物在更可持续的柔性薄膜包装方面越来越受到关注,但在其性能特性与生命周期结束(EoL)选项之间克服权衡仍然是一项挑战。在此,研究表明,通过逐步增长缩聚和链式增长开环聚合方法合成的生物基聚(2,5-呋喃二甲酸十二烷酯)(PDDF)不仅在气体阻隔性能方面具有优势,而且由于其生物可降解性和闭环化学循环性,在EoL选项方面也具有优势。具体而言,与商业聚(己二酸丁二醇酯-对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯)(PBAT)和线性低密度聚乙烯相比,PDDF的氧气和二氧化碳渗透率显著更低,同时与PBAT相比,其模量明显更高(约高3倍)且水蒸气透过率降低。这种优异的性能归因于固有的刚性、极性、氢键连接的呋喃环,这些环增强了链间相互作用、堆积和结晶度,从而减少了阻碍气体扩散的自由体积,而长的疏水十二烷撑链段则抑制了水的渗透。此外,PDDF可以通过碱催化解聚回收为其环状单体,或者通过简单的醇解回收为二酯和二醇单体。这些优异的阻隔性能,再加上生物降解和闭环循环性,突出了生物基PDDF作为一种更可持续的包装替代品的潜力。