Streptomyces cyclosori sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium from the rhizosphere soil of Cyclosorus parasiticus (L.) Farw.

A novel actinobacterium strain cg36, from the rhizosphere of Cyclosorus parasiticus, was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain cg36 shared the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Streptomyces lavendofoliae NBRC 12882. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain cg36 formed a distinct branch within the genus Streptomyces. Phylogenetic analysis of five housekeeping gene and whole genome sequences showed that strain cg36 was closely related to Streptomyces crystallinus JCM 5067 and Streptomyces noboritoensis JCM 4557. But, overall genome related index (OGRI) and multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) confirmed that strain cg36 was clearly different from them. A comparison of differential features among strain cg36, S. crystallinus CGMCC 4.1600 and S. noboritoensis CGMCC 4.1457 provided, at least to some extent, some useful information for strain cg36 as an independent species. In addition, OGRI values and MLSA evolutionary distance between strain cg36 and other strains, which had 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of >98.65% to strain cg36, further demonstrated that strain cg36 was a new species. Whole-cell hydrolysates of strain cg36 contained LL-diaminopimelic acid and whole-cell sugars contain glucose. The predominant cellular fatty acids (>10%) were anteiso-C, iso-C and C. The DNA G + C content of the genome sequence, consisting of 9,022,416 bp, was 72.5%. All these data indicated that strain cg36 represents a novel Streptomyces species, for which the name Streptomyces cyclosori sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain cg36 (=MCCC 1K09286 = JCM 37520).