环状RNA：在癌症与免疫治疗中的功能及新作用

CircRNAs: functions and emerging roles in cancer and immunotherapy.

作者信息

Wang Yan, Cui Yanru, Li Xin, Jin Su-Han, Wang Haitao, Gaipl Udo S, Ma Hu, Wang Shixiang, Zhou Jian-Guo

机构信息

Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.

Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.

出版信息

BMC Med. 2025 Aug 15;23(1):477. doi: 10.1186/s12916-025-04306-5.

DOI:10.1186/s12916-025-04306-5

PMID:40817061

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are emerging as promising tools in cancer and immunotherapy, with unique characteristics that offer potential therapeutic applications.

MAIN BODY

This review outlines the discovery, biogenesis, and mechanisms of circRNAs, emphasizing their roles in cancer and immune regulation. CircRNAs modulate immune responses by acting as miRNA sponges, binding RNA-binding proteins, or serving as translation templates. These interactions influence T cells, NK cells, macrophages, and immune checkpoints. The review also explores circRNAs' roles in different cancers, focusing on target identification, immune effects, and mechanisms of action. Additionally, it examines circRNA-based therapies, including vaccines, CAR-T cell therapy, and database applications.

CONCLUSION

Despite their potential, technical hurdles must be overcome to advance circRNAs' clinical use in cancer immunotherapy. Future research should focus on addressing these challenges to fully realize the therapeutic potential of circRNAs.

摘要

背景

环状RNA（circRNAs）正成为癌症和免疫治疗中有前景的工具，具有独特特性，提供了潜在的治疗应用。

正文

本综述概述了circRNAs的发现、生物合成及其机制，强调了它们在癌症和免疫调节中的作用。CircRNAs通过充当微小RNA（miRNA）海绵、结合RNA结合蛋白或作为翻译模板来调节免疫反应。这些相互作用影响T细胞、自然杀伤（NK）细胞、巨噬细胞和免疫检查点。该综述还探讨了circRNAs在不同癌症中的作用，重点关注靶点识别、免疫效应和作用机制。此外，还研究了基于circRNA的疗法，包括疫苗、嵌合抗原受体（CAR）-T细胞疗法和数据库应用。