Role of Monoclonal Antibodies in Alzheimer's Disease: Successes, Failures, and Future Directions.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), referred to as a type of dementia, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with cognitive decline and key features comprising extracellular amyloid-β(Aβ) and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are a new therapeutic approach targeting the specific biochemical abnormalities associated with AD. This review summarizes several mAbs designed for AD, which helps to describe their mechanisms, including amyloid clearance from the brain as well as regulation of neuroinflammation. Moreover, the data on mAbs-related publications are shown in terms of their annual growth rate. A series of clinical studies, from discovery to application, suggest that mAbs could revolutionize the course of AD. While current mAbs have shown promise, future directions focus on improving efficacy, reducing adverse effects, and expanding accessibility.