周末恢复性睡眠与新发痴呆症风险之间的关联：英国生物银行的一项前瞻性队列研究。

Association between weekend recovery sleep and risk of incident dementia: a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank.

作者信息

Zhao Bo, Zhou Shaojiong, Chang Jie, Li Aonan, Geng Chaofan, Wei Tao, Zhao Yiwei, Gao Peiyang, Wang Zhibin, Tang Yi

机构信息

Department of Neurology & Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China.

National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

出版信息

J Neurol. 2025 Sep 5;272(9):612. doi: 10.1007/s00415-025-13363-y.

DOI:10.1007/s00415-025-13363-y

PMID:40911069

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Sleep deprivation has been linked to higher dementia risk, but the role of weekend recovery sleep (WRS) in mitigating this risk remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the association between WRS and dementia risk.

METHODS

This prospective cohort study followed 88,592 dementia-free adults aged 40-79 years from the UK Biobank, using wrist accelerometers to measure average weekday and weekend sleep durations. Incident dementia (all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease [AD], vascular dementia [VaD], and nonspecific dementia) was determined using medical records. Associations were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic splines (RCS).

RESULTS

Among 88,592 participants (mean [SD] age, 61.9 [7.9] years), 735 (0.83%) developed dementia, including 308 (0.35%) cases of AD, 137 (0.15%) cases of VaD, and 319 (0.36%) cases of nonspecific dementia. RCS analyses revealed optimal weekday sleep durations associated with the lowest dementia risk: 8.38 h (HR, 0.73; 95% CI 0.64-0.84) for all-cause dementia, 8.33 h (HR, 0.72; 95% CI 0.58-0.89) for AD, and 9.07 h (HR, 0.59; 95% CI 0.40-0.88) for VaD. In the suboptimal sleep group (weekday sleep less than optimal duration), longer WRS was associated with reduced risks of all-cause dementia (HR, 0.801; 95% CI 0.717-0.893) and VaD (HR, 0.747; 95% CI 0.612-0.91). However, in the prolonged sleep group (weekday sleep exceeding optimal duration), longer WRS was linked to an increased nonspecific dementia risk (HR, 1.291; 95% CI 1.087-1.533).

CONCLUSION

Adequate WRS can reduce dementia risk, particularly for VaD, after insufficient weekday sleep, highlighting the importance of appropriate WRS for cognitive health.

摘要

背景

睡眠剥夺与较高的痴呆风险相关，但周末恢复性睡眠（WRS）在减轻这种风险中的作用仍不明确。本研究旨在评估WRS与痴呆风险之间的关联。

方法

这项前瞻性队列研究对来自英国生物银行的88592名40 - 79岁无痴呆症成年人进行了随访，使用腕部加速度计测量工作日和周末的平均睡眠时间。使用医疗记录确定新发痴呆症（全因性痴呆、阿尔茨海默病[AD]、血管性痴呆[VaD]和非特异性痴呆）。使用Cox比例风险模型和受限立方样条（RCS）估计关联。

结果

在88592名参与者（平均[标准差]年龄，61.9[7.9]岁）中，735人（0.83%）患痴呆症，包括308例（0.35%）AD、137例（0.15%）VaD和319例（0.36%）非特异性痴呆。RCS分析显示与最低痴呆风险相关的最佳工作日睡眠时间：全因性痴呆为8.38小时（风险比[HR]，0.73；95%置信区间[CI]0.64 - 0.84），AD为8.33小时（HR，0.72；95%CI 0.58 - 0.89），VaD为9.07小时（HR，0.59；95%CI 0.40 - 0.88）。在睡眠欠佳组（工作日睡眠少于最佳时长）中，较长的WRS与全因性痴呆（HR，0.801；95%CI 0.717 - 0.893）和VaD（HR，0.747；95%CI 0.612 - 0.91）风险降低相关。然而，在睡眠延长组（工作日睡眠超过最佳时长）中，较长的WRS与非特异性痴呆风险增加相关（HR，1.291；95%CI 1.087 - 1.533）。