老年人存活率的显著提高。
The remarkable improvements in survival at older ages.
作者信息
Vaupel J W
机构信息
Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany.
出版信息
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1997 Dec 29;352(1363):1799-804. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1997.0164.
The belief that old-age mortality is intractable remains deeply held by many people. Remarkable progress, however, has been made since 1950, and especially since 1970, in substantially improving survival at older ages, even the most advanced ages. The pace of mortality improvement at older ages continues to be particularly rapid in Japan, even though mortality levels in Japan are lower than elsewhere. The progress in improving survival has accelerated the growth of the population of older people and has advanced the frontier of human survival substantially beyond the extremes of longevity attained in pre-industrial times. Little, however, is known about why mortality among the oldest-old has been so plastic since 1950. The little that is known has largely been learned within the past few years. New findings, especially concerning genetic factors that influence longevity, are emerging at accelerating rate.
许多人仍然坚信老年死亡率是难以解决的。然而，自1950年以来，特别是自1970年以来，在大幅提高老年人甚至是高龄者的生存率方面已经取得了显著进展。在日本，老年死亡率改善的速度仍然特别快，尽管日本的死亡率水平低于其他地方。生存率提高方面的进展加速了老年人口的增长，并将人类生存的前沿大大推进到了工业化前时代所达到的长寿极限之外。然而，对于为什么自1950年以来最年长者的死亡率如此具有可塑性，人们知之甚少。已知的少量信息大多是在过去几年中了解到的。新的发现，尤其是关于影响长寿的遗传因素的发现，正以越来越快的速度涌现。
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