鸭嘴兽的基因组分析揭示了独特的进化特征。
Genome analysis of the platypus reveals unique signatures of evolution.
作者信息
Warren Wesley C, Hillier LaDeana W, Marshall Graves Jennifer A, Birney Ewan, Ponting Chris P, Grützner Frank, Belov Katherine, Miller Webb, Clarke Laura, Chinwalla Asif T, Yang Shiaw-Pyng, Heger Andreas, Locke Devin P, Miethke Pat, Waters Paul D, Veyrunes Frédéric, Fulton Lucinda, Fulton Bob, Graves Tina, Wallis John, Puente Xose S, López-Otín Carlos, Ordóñez Gonzalo R, Eichler Evan E, Chen Lin, Cheng Ze, Deakin Janine E, Alsop Amber, Thompson Katherine, Kirby Patrick, Papenfuss Anthony T, Wakefield Matthew J, Olender Tsviya, Lancet Doron, Huttley Gavin A, Smit Arian F A, Pask Andrew, Temple-Smith Peter, Batzer Mark A, Walker Jerilyn A, Konkel Miriam K, Harris Robert S, Whittington Camilla M, Wong Emily S W, Gemmell Neil J, Buschiazzo Emmanuel, Vargas Jentzsch Iris M, Merkel Angelika, Schmitz Juergen, Zemann Anja, Churakov Gennady, Kriegs Jan Ole, Brosius Juergen, Murchison Elizabeth P, Sachidanandam Ravi, Smith Carly, Hannon Gregory J, Tsend-Ayush Enkhjargal, McMillan Daniel, Attenborough Rosalind, Rens Willem, Ferguson-Smith Malcolm, Lefèvre Christophe M, Sharp Julie A, Nicholas Kevin R, Ray David A, Kube Michael, Reinhardt Richard, Pringle Thomas H, Taylor James, Jones Russell C, Nixon Brett, Dacheux Jean-Louis, Niwa Hitoshi, Sekita Yoko, Huang Xiaoqiu, Stark Alexander, Kheradpour Pouya, Kellis Manolis, Flicek Paul, Chen Yuan, Webber Caleb, Hardison Ross, Nelson Joanne, Hallsworth-Pepin Kym, Delehaunty Kim, Markovic Chris, Minx Pat, Feng Yucheng, Kremitzki Colin, Mitreva Makedonka, Glasscock Jarret, Wylie Todd, Wohldmann Patricia, Thiru Prathapan, Nhan Michael N, Pohl Craig S, Smith Scott M, Hou Shunfeng, Nefedov Mikhail, de Jong Pieter J, Renfree Marilyn B, Mardis Elaine R, Wilson Richard K
机构信息
Genome Sequencing Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8501, 4444 Forest Park Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63108, USA.
出版信息
Nature. 2008 May 8;453(7192):175-83. doi: 10.1038/nature06936.
We present a draft genome sequence of the platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus. This monotreme exhibits a fascinating combination of reptilian and mammalian characters. For example, platypuses have a coat of fur adapted to an aquatic lifestyle; platypus females lactate, yet lay eggs; and males are equipped with venom similar to that of reptiles. Analysis of the first monotreme genome aligned these features with genetic innovations. We find that reptile and platypus venom proteins have been co-opted independently from the same gene families; milk protein genes are conserved despite platypuses laying eggs; and immune gene family expansions are directly related to platypus biology. Expansions of protein, non-protein-coding RNA and microRNA families, as well as repeat elements, are identified. Sequencing of this genome now provides a valuable resource for deep mammalian comparative analyses, as well as for monotreme biology and conservation.
我们展示了鸭嘴兽（Ornithorhynchus anatinus）的基因组序列草图。这种单孔目动物展现出了爬行动物和哺乳动物特征的迷人组合。例如，鸭嘴兽有一层适应水生生活方式的皮毛；鸭嘴兽雌性会分泌乳汁，但会产卵；雄性则配备有与爬行动物相似的毒液。对首个单孔目动物基因组的分析将这些特征与基因创新联系了起来。我们发现，爬行动物和鸭嘴兽的毒液蛋白是从相同的基因家族中独立获得的；尽管鸭嘴兽产卵，但乳蛋白基因却是保守的；免疫基因家族的扩张与鸭嘴兽的生物学特性直接相关。我们还鉴定出了蛋白质、非蛋白质编码RNA和微小RNA家族以及重复元件的扩张情况。该基因组的测序现在为深入的哺乳动物比较分析以及单孔目动物生物学和保护研究提供了宝贵的资源。
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