真核生物翻译起始的机制与调控原则。
The mechanism of eukaryotic translation initiation and principles of its regulation.
机构信息
Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK.
出版信息
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2010 Feb;11(2):113-27. doi: 10.1038/nrm2838.
Abstract
Protein synthesis is principally regulated at the initiation stage (rather than during elongation or termination), allowing rapid, reversible and spatial control of gene expression. Progress over recent years in determining the structures and activities of initiation factors, and in mapping their interactions in ribosomal initiation complexes, have advanced our understanding of the complex translation initiation process. These developments have provided a solid foundation for studying the regulation of translation initiation by mechanisms that include the modulation of initiation factor activity (which affects almost all scanning-dependent initiation) and through sequence-specific RNA-binding proteins and microRNAs (which affect individual mRNAs).
摘要
蛋白质合成主要在起始阶段受到调控（而不是在延伸或终止阶段），从而可以快速、可逆且有空间地控制基因表达。近年来，在确定起始因子的结构和活性，并绘制核糖体起始复合物中它们相互作用的图谱方面取得了进展，这加深了我们对复杂的翻译起始过程的理解。这些进展为研究通过调节起始因子活性（这几乎影响所有依赖扫描的起始）以及通过序列特异性 RNA 结合蛋白和 microRNAs（这影响个别 mRNA）来调节翻译起始的机制提供了坚实的基础。
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