滨海大翅蓟对气传盐和土壤盐胁迫的生理生态响应。
Ecophysiological response of Crambe maritima to airborne and soil-borne salinity.
机构信息
Institute of Ecological Science, Department of Systems Ecology, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Ann Bot. 2010 Jun;105(6):925-37. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcq072. Epub 2010 Mar 30.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
There is a need to evaluate the salt tolerance of plant species that can be cultivated as crops under saline conditions. Crambe maritima is a coastal plant, usually occurring on the driftline, with potential use as a vegetable crop. The aim of this experiment was to determine the growth response of Crambe maritima to various levels of airborne and soil-borne salinity and the ecophysiological mechanisms underlying these responses.
METHODS
In the greenhouse, plants were exposed to salt spray (400 mM NaCl) as well as to various levels of root-zone salinity (RZS) of 0, 50, 100, 200 and 300 mM NaCl during 40 d. The salt tolerance of Crambe maritima was assessed by the relative growth rate (RGR) and its components. To study possible salinity effects on the tissue and cellular level, the leaf succulence, tissue Na(+) concentrations, Na(+) : K(+) ratio, net K(+)/Na(+) selectivity, N, P, K(+), Ca(2+), Mg(2+), proline, soluble sugar concentrations, osmotic potential, total phenolics and antioxidant capacity were measured.
KEY RESULTS
Salt spray did not affect the RGR of Crambe maritima. However, leaf thickness and leaf succulence increased with salt spray. Root zone salinities up to 100 mM NaCl did not affect growth. However, at 200 mM NaCl RZS the RGR was reduced by 41 % compared with the control and by 56 % at 300 mM NaCl RZS. The reduced RGR with increasing RZS was largely due to the reduced specific leaf area, which was caused by increased leaf succulence as well as by increased leaf dry matter content. No changes in unit leaf rate were observed but increased RZS resulted in increased Na(+) and proline concentrations, reduced K(+), Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) concentrations, lower osmotic potential and increased antioxidant capacity. Proline concentrations of the leaves correlated strongly (r = 0.95) with RZS concentrations and not with plant growth.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on its growth response, Crambe maritima can be classified as a salt spray tolerant plant that is sensitive to root zone salinities exceeding 100 mM NaCl.
背景与目的
需要评估在盐渍条件下可作为作物种植的植物物种的耐盐性。滨海甘蓝是一种沿海植物，通常出现在漂流线，具有作为蔬菜作物的潜在用途。本实验的目的是确定滨海甘蓝对不同水平的空气传播和土壤传播盐分的生长反应，以及这些反应背后的生态生理机制。
方法
在温室中，将植物暴露于盐雾（400 mM NaCl）以及不同水平的根区盐度（RZS）0、50、100、200 和 300 mM NaCl 下 40 天。通过相对生长率（RGR）及其组成来评估滨海甘蓝的耐盐性。为了研究盐分对组织和细胞水平的可能影响，测量了叶片多汁度、组织 Na+浓度、Na+：K+比、净 K+/Na+选择性、N、P、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、脯氨酸、可溶性糖浓度、渗透压、总酚和抗氧化能力。
主要结果
盐雾不会影响滨海甘蓝的 RGR。然而，叶片厚度和叶片多汁度随着盐雾的增加而增加。根区盐度高达 100 mM NaCl 不会影响生长。然而，在 200 mM NaCl RZS 下，RGR 比对照降低了 41%，在 300 mM NaCl RZS 下降低了 56%。随着 RZS 的增加，RGR 的降低主要是由于比叶面积的降低，这是由于叶片多汁度的增加以及叶片干物质含量的增加所致。未观察到单位叶率的变化，但增加 RZS 导致 Na+和脯氨酸浓度增加，K+、Ca2+和 Mg2+浓度降低，渗透压降低，抗氧化能力增强。叶片脯氨酸浓度与 RZS 浓度（r = 0.95）密切相关，与植物生长无关。
结论
根据其生长反应，滨海甘蓝可被归类为耐盐雾植物，对根区盐度超过 100 mM NaCl 敏感。
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