Department of Plant Pathology, 351 Bessey Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Virology. 2010 Jun 20;402(1):177-86. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2010.03.025. Epub 2010 Apr 13.
The 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of many plant viral RNAs contain cap-independent translation elements (3' CITEs). Among the 3' CITEs, the Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV)-like translation elements (BTEs) form a structurally variable and widely distributed group. Viruses in three genera were known to harbor 3' BTEs, defined by the presence of a 17-nt consensus sequence. To understand BTE function, knowledge of phylogenetically conserved structure is essential, yet the secondary structure has been determined only for the BYDV BTE. Here we show that Rose spring dwarf-associated luteovirus, and two viruses in a fourth genus, Umbravirus, contain functional BTEs, despite deviating in the 17nt consensus sequence. Structure probing by selective 2'-hydroxyl acylation and primer extension (SHAPE) revealed conserved and highly variable structures in BTEs in all four genera. We conclude that BTEs tolerate striking evolutionary plasticity in structure, while retaining the ability to stimulate cap-independent translation.
许多植物病毒 RNA 的 3'非翻译区(UTR)含有非帽子依赖性翻译元件(3'CITEs)。在 3'CITEs 中,大麦黄花叶病毒(BYDV)样翻译元件(BTEs)形成了一个结构可变且广泛分布的群体。已知三个属的病毒都含有 3' BTEs,其特征是存在 17 个核苷酸的保守序列。为了了解 BTE 的功能,必须了解系统发育上保守的结构,但 BYDV BTE 的二级结构仅被确定。在这里,我们表明,玫瑰春矮缩相关黄花叶病毒,以及第四个属中的两种病毒,含有功能 BTEs,尽管在 17nt 保守序列中存在差异。通过选择性 2'-羟基酰化和引物延伸(SHAPE)进行结构探测,揭示了所有四个属的 BTEs 中保守和高度可变的结构。我们得出结论,BTEs 在结构上容忍了惊人的进化可塑性,同时保留了刺激非帽子依赖性翻译的能力。