加纳北部博尔加坦加市未经处方使用抗疟药物治疗疟疾的情况。
The use of non-prescribed anti-malarial drugs for the treatment of malaria in the Bolgatanga municipality, northern Ghana.
机构信息
Ghana Health Service, Bolgatanga Regional Hospital, Bolgatanga, Ghana.
出版信息
Malar J. 2013 Jul 31;12:266. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-12-266.
BACKGROUND
The use of non-prescribed anti-malarial drugs can lead to treatment failure and development of drug-resistant parasites. This study investigated the use of non-prescribed anti-malarial drugs for the treatment of malaria in the Bolgatanga Municipality of northern Ghana.
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional survey of a random sample of 392 adults and children with episodes of malaria in the last four weeks prior to the study.
RESULTS
Majority of survey respondents 96.9% (380) knew the symptoms of malaria, 75% (294) knew the causes of malaria and 93.1% (365) were aware of mode of transmission of malaria. The use of non-prescribed anti-malarial drugs was 16.8% (95% CI: 13.3-21.0) among the respondents. About 56% (95% CI: 43.3-68.3) of the respondents who took non-prescribed anti-malaria drugs took non-artemisinin-based combination therapy (chloroquine, artemether, amodiaquine and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine). Respondents above five years of age were more likely to use non-prescribed anti-malarial drugs than those below five years of age [P < 0.001]; respondents who knew the right source of malaria treatment were less likely to use non-prescribed anti-malarial drugs than those who did not [P = 0.002]. Respondents using non-prescribed anti-malarials were influenced by people around them who used non-prescribed anti-malarials. Thus, these respondents were more likely to use non-prescribed anti-malarials than those who were not influenced [P = 0.004].
CONCLUSIONS
Respondents' knowledge of malaria treatment and the influence of people using non-prescribed anti-malarials are factors affecting use of non-prescribed anti-malarials. The study concludes that there is high use of non-prescribed anti-malarial drugs in the municipality and most of the non-prescribed anti-malarias were non-artemisinin-based combination therapy. The study recommends education of the general public and chemical sellers to reduce the use of non-prescribe anti-malaria drugs.
背景
非处方抗疟药物的使用可能导致治疗失败和耐药寄生虫的产生。本研究调查了加纳北部博尔加坦加市（Bolgatanga Municipality）使用非处方抗疟药物治疗疟疾的情况。
方法
这是一项横断面调查，对研究前四周内有疟疾发作的 392 名成人和儿童进行了随机抽样。
结果
大多数调查对象（96.9%，380 人）知道疟疾的症状，75%（294 人）知道疟疾的病因，93.1%（365 人）了解疟疾的传播途径。受访者中使用非处方抗疟药物的比例为 16.8%（95%CI：13.3-21.0）。约 56%（95%CI：43.3-68.3）服用非处方抗疟药物的受访者服用的是非青蒿素类联合疗法（氯喹、青蒿素、阿莫地喹和磺胺多辛-乙胺嘧啶）。五岁以上的受访者比五岁以下的受访者更有可能使用非处方抗疟药物[P<0.001]；知道疟疾治疗正确来源的受访者比不知道的受访者更不可能使用非处方抗疟药物[P=0.002]。使用非处方抗疟药物的受访者受到周围使用非处方抗疟药物的人的影响。因此，这些受访者比不受影响的受访者更有可能使用非处方抗疟药物[P=0.004]。
结论
受访者对疟疾治疗的了解以及使用非处方抗疟药物的人的影响是影响使用非处方抗疟药物的因素。该研究得出结论，该市非处方抗疟药物的使用量很高，且大多数非处方抗疟药物是非青蒿素类联合疗法。该研究建议对公众和化学药品销售者进行教育，以减少非处方抗疟药物的使用。
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