埃塞俄比亚西北部德布雷塔博尔地区孕妇弓形虫感染血清阳性率及相关危险因素
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Debre Tabor, Northwest Ethiopia.
作者信息
Agmas Birhan, Tesfaye Reta, Koye Digsu Negese
机构信息
South Gondar Zone Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
Department of Veterinary Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMC Res Notes. 2015 Mar 29;8:107. doi: 10.1186/s13104-015-1083-2.
BACKGROUND
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan organism that infects both birds and mammals. Human infections are particularly serious if they occur during pregnancy and may result in abortion or congenitally acquired disorders which primarily affect the central nervous system. This study assessed seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection and associated risk factors among pregnant women at Debre Tabor, Northwest Ethiopia.
METHODS
An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to May, 2013. A total of 263 pregnant women who came to Debre Tabor public health facilities for antenatal care were selected and included in the study. The venous blood serum was tested using toxolatex agglutination test. Data on socio-demographic and potential risk factors were collected using structured questionnaire through face-to-face interview. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to identify associations between dependent and independent variables.
RESULTS
Of 263 pregnant women included in the study, 180 (68.4%, 95% CI: 63.1-71.4%) were found to be seropositive for anti-toxoplasma antibody. Multivariable analysis showed; age group ≥ 36 years (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 3.56; 95% CI: 1.01-12.5), cannot read and write (AOR = 4.77; 95% CI: 1.01-30.3), and cat ownership (AOR = 3.36; 95% CI: 1.39-8.12) were significantly associated with seropositivity of T.gondii infection.
CONCLUSIONS
Seroprevalence of T.gondii infection in Debre Tabor town was high. Age, educational status and presence of cats in home were identified as factors associated with T.gondii infection. Education of pregnant women about the transmission and prevention methods of this infection through health extension and in antenatal care clinics is important. Besides, studies on incidence of toxoplasmosis in newborns and infants are recommended.
背景
刚地弓形虫是一种专性细胞内原生动物，可感染鸟类和哺乳动物。如果在怀孕期间发生人类感染，则尤为严重，可能导致流产或先天性获得性疾病，主要影响中枢神经系统。本研究评估了埃塞俄比亚西北部德布雷塔博尔孕妇中刚地弓形虫感染的血清流行率及相关危险因素。
方法
2013年2月至5月进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。总共选择了263名到德布雷塔博尔公共卫生机构进行产前检查的孕妇并纳入研究。使用弓形虫乳胶凝集试验检测静脉血血清。通过面对面访谈，使用结构化问卷收集社会人口统计学和潜在危险因素的数据。使用SPSS 20.0版本输入和分析数据。进行双变量和多变量分析以确定因变量和自变量之间的关联。
结果
在纳入研究的263名孕妇中，发现180名（68.4%，95%可信区间：63.1 - 71.4%）抗弓形虫抗体血清学呈阳性。多变量分析显示；年龄≥36岁组（调整优势比[AOR]=3.56；9五%可信区间：1.01 - 12.5）、不识字（AOR = 4.77；95%可信区间：1.01 - 30.3）和养猫（AOR = 3.36；95%可信区间：1.39 - 8.12）与刚地弓形虫感染的血清阳性显著相关。
结论
德布雷塔博尔镇刚地弓形虫感染的血清流行率很高。年龄、教育程度和家中养猫被确定为与刚地弓形虫感染相关的因素。通过健康推广和产前保健诊所对孕妇进行关于这种感染的传播和预防方法的教育很重要。此外，建议对新生儿和婴儿弓形虫病的发病率进行研究。
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