小胶质细胞：突触发育和可塑性的动态调节因子
Microglia: Dynamic Mediators of Synapse Development and Plasticity.
作者信息
Wu Yuwen, Dissing-Olesen Lasse, MacVicar Brian A, Stevens Beth
机构信息
Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; These authors contributed equally to this work.
Department of Neurology, F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada; These authors contributed equally to this work.
出版信息
Trends Immunol. 2015 Oct;36(10):605-613. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2015.08.008.
Neuronal communication underlies all brain activity and the genesis of complex behavior. Emerging research has revealed an unexpected role for immune molecules in the development and plasticity of neuronal synapses. Moreover microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, express and secrete immune-related signaling molecules that alter synaptic transmission and plasticity in the absence of inflammation. When inflammation does occur, microglia modify synaptic connections and synaptic plasticity required for learning and memory. Here we review recent findings demonstrating how the dynamic interactions between neurons and microglia shape the circuitry of the nervous system in the healthy brain and how altered neuron-microglia signaling could contribute to disease.
神经元通讯是所有脑活动以及复杂行为产生的基础。新兴研究揭示了免疫分子在神经元突触发育和可塑性方面发挥的意想不到的作用。此外，小胶质细胞作为大脑中的常驻免疫细胞，会表达并分泌免疫相关信号分子，这些分子在无炎症的情况下会改变突触传递和可塑性。当炎症确实发生时，小胶质细胞会改变学习和记忆所需的突触连接和突触可塑性。在此，我们综述了近期的研究发现，这些发现展示了在健康大脑中神经元与小胶质细胞之间的动态相互作用如何塑造神经系统的回路，以及神经元 - 小胶质细胞信号改变如何导致疾病。
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