加巴喷丁的滥用、相互作用、禁忌证及副作用综述。
Review about gabapentin misuse, interactions, contraindications and side effects.
作者信息
Quintero Gabriel C
机构信息
Florida State University - Republic of Panama, Clayton, Panama.
出版信息
J Exp Pharmacol. 2017 Feb 9;9:13-21. doi: 10.2147/JEP.S124391. eCollection 2017.
The current work is targeted to review the risks of gabapentin misuse, its potential interactions with other drugs, side effects and use contraindications. This review consists of a total of 99 biographical references (from the year 1983 to 2016). A publication search of PubMed was performed from January 1983 to December 2016. It included animal studies, clinical studies, case studies and reviews related to gabapentin misuse, potential interactions, side effects and use contraindications. The search terms were gabapentin, anticonvulsant and antiepileptic. In general, it seems that gabapentin has risks of being misused based on the increased level of prescriptions, related fatalities, recreational misuse and higher doses of self-administration. The main reasons for gabapentin misuse are as follows: getting high, alleviating opioid withdrawal symptoms and potentiating methadone effects. Some of the main substances that interact with gabapentin are morphine, caffeine, losartan, ethacrynic acid, phenytoin, mefloquine and magnesium oxide. Some of the side effects caused by gabapentin are teratogenicity, hypoventilation, respiratory failure and myopathy. Finally, reports in general contraindicate the use of gabapentin in conditions such as myasthenia gravis and myoclonus.
当前工作旨在综述加巴喷丁滥用的风险、其与其他药物的潜在相互作用、副作用及使用禁忌。本综述共包含99篇参考文献（时间跨度为1983年至2016年）。于1983年1月至2016年12月在PubMed上进行了文献检索。检索内容包括与加巴喷丁滥用、潜在相互作用、副作用及使用禁忌相关的动物研究、临床研究、病例研究及综述。检索词为加巴喷丁、抗惊厥药和抗癫痫药。总体而言，基于处方量增加、相关死亡案例、娱乐性滥用及自我给药剂量增加等情况，加巴喷丁似乎存在被滥用的风险。加巴喷丁滥用的主要原因如下：寻求快感、缓解阿片类药物戒断症状及增强美沙酮效果。与加巴喷丁相互作用的一些主要物质有吗啡、咖啡因、氯沙坦、依他尼酸、苯妥英、甲氟喹和氧化镁。加巴喷丁引起的一些副作用包括致畸性、通气不足、呼吸衰竭和肌病。最后，总体报告表明在重症肌无力和肌阵挛等病症中一般禁忌使用加巴喷丁。
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