Identification of species in the oral cavity of diabetic patients.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE

Diabetic patients are more susceptible to oral candidiasis infection than non-diabetics due to the factors promoting oral carriage of Several factors can increase colonization of species in the oral cavity such as xerostomia, which reduces the salivary flow and is a salivary pH disorder. In the current study, we aimed to identify and compare the colonization level of spp. in the oral cavity of diabetic and non-diabetic groups.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Swabs were taken from the mouth of 106 participants and were cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) medium. Likewise, the saliva samples were collected for salivary glucose and pH measurements. The study was performed during June 2014-September 2015 on two groups of diabetic patients (n=58) and non-diabetics (n=48) as the control group. The spp were identified with PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) using the restriction enzymes HinfI and MspI and were differentiated by culture on CHROMagar medium.

RESULTS

The frequency of spp. was higher in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetics. The most frequent spp. in the diabetic patients were (%36.2) (%10.4), (%5.1), and .(%3.4)Likewise, was the most frequent species (%27) in the non-diabetic individuals. In this study, the results of both methods for identification of the isolates were consistent with each other.

CONCLUSION

Xerostomia and disturbance of physiological factors including pH and glucose can promote overgrowth of flora in the oral cavity. These factors are considered important predisposing factors for oral candidiasis in diabetic patients. In the present study, it was observed that application of CHROMagar and PCR-RFLP methods at the same time contributes to more accurate identification of isolates.