转运RNA衍生的小RNA：一种新型的调控性小非编码RNA。
tRNA-Derived Small RNA: A Novel Regulatory Small Non-Coding RNA.
作者信息
Li Siqi, Xu Zhengping, Sheng Jinghao
机构信息
Institute of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
出版信息
Genes (Basel). 2018 May 10;9(5):246. doi: 10.3390/genes9050246.
Deep analysis of next-generation sequencing data unveils numerous small non-coding RNAs with distinct functions. Recently, fragments derived from tRNA, named as tRNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA), have attracted broad attention. There are mainly two types of tsRNAs, including tRNA-derived stress-induced RNA (tiRNA) and tRNA-derived fragment (tRF), which differ in the cleavage position of the precursor or mature tRNA transcript. Emerging evidence has shown that tsRNAs are not merely tRNA degradation debris but have been recognized to play regulatory roles in many specific physiological and pathological processes. In this review, we summarize the biogeneses of various tsRNAs, present the emerging concepts regarding functions and mechanisms of action of tsRNAs, highlight the potential application of tsRNAs in human diseases, and put forward the current problems and future research directions.
对下一代测序数据的深入分析揭示了许多具有不同功能的小非编码RNA。最近，源自tRNA的片段，即tRNA衍生的小RNA（tsRNA），引起了广泛关注。tsRNA主要有两种类型，包括tRNA衍生的应激诱导RNA（tiRNA）和tRNA衍生片段（tRF），它们在前体或成熟tRNA转录本的切割位置上有所不同。新出现的证据表明，tsRNAs不仅仅是tRNA的降解碎片，而且已被认为在许多特定的生理和病理过程中发挥调节作用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了各种tsRNAs的生物合成，介绍了关于tsRNAs功能和作用机制的新观点，强调了tsRNAs在人类疾病中的潜在应用，并提出了当前存在的问题和未来的研究方向。
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