埃塞俄比亚 6-59 月龄儿童的母体特征和营养状况：人口与健康调查的进一步分析。
Maternal characteristics and nutritional status among 6-59 months of children in Ethiopia: further analysis of demographic and health survey.
机构信息
Central Gondar Zone Health Department, Amhara Regional State, AmbaGiorgis, Ethiopia.
Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMC Pediatr. 2019 Mar 20;19(1):83. doi: 10.1186/s12887-019-1459-x.
BACKGROUND
Nutritional status of children influences their health status, which is a key determinant of human development. In Ethiopia, 28% of child mortality is caused by under nutrition. There is also some controversial evidence about the association between maternal characteristics and nutritional status of under five children. This study was aimed to assess the association between maternal characteristics and nutritional status among 6-59 months of children in Ethiopia.
METHODS
This was furtheranalysis ofthe 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveyusing7452 children.. Generalized estimating equations was used to quantify the association of maternal factors with stunting and wasting. Both crude Odds ratio and adjusted odds ratio with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals were reported to show the strength of association. In multivariable analysis, variables with a p-value of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
The higher odds of stunting were found among children whose mothers had no education (AOR = 1.58; 95%CI: 1.25, 2.0) and primary education (AOR = 1.42; 95%CI: 1.13, 1.78), underweight nutritional status (AOR = 1.59; 95%CI: 1.27, 2.0), and anemia (AOR = 1.16; 95%CI: 1.04, 1.30). Similarly, higher odds of wasting were observed among children whose mother had underweight nutritional status (AOR = 2.34; 95%CI: 1.65, 3.38), delivered at home (AOR = 1.31; 95%CI: 1.07, 1.60), and lower than 24 months birth interval (AOR = 1.31; 95%CI: 1.04, 1.64).
CONCLUSION
Maternal education, nutritional status, and anemia were associated with child stunting. Also maternal nutritional status, place of delivery, and preceding birth interval were associated with wasting. Therefore, there is needed to enhance the nutritional status of children by improving maternal underweight nutritional status, maternal educational and maternal anemia status, prolonging birth interval, and promoting health facility delivery.
背景
儿童的营养状况影响其健康状况，而健康状况是人类发展的关键决定因素。在埃塞俄比亚，28%的儿童死亡是由营养不良引起的。关于母亲特征与五岁以下儿童营养状况之间的关系，也存在一些有争议的证据。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚 6-59 个月儿童的母亲特征与营养状况之间的关联。
方法
这是对 2016 年埃塞俄比亚人口与健康调查的进一步分析，使用了 7452 名儿童的数据。广义估计方程用于量化母亲因素与发育迟缓、消瘦之间的关联。报告了粗比值比和调整比值比及其相应的 95%置信区间，以显示关联的强度。在多变量分析中，p 值<0.05 的变量被认为具有统计学意义。
结果
研究发现，母亲没有受过教育（AOR=1.58；95%CI：1.25，2.0）和接受过小学教育（AOR=1.42；95%CI：1.13，1.78）、体重不足的营养状况（AOR=1.59；95%CI：1.27，2.0）和贫血（AOR=1.16；95%CI：1.04，1.30）的儿童发生发育迟缓的几率更高。同样，母亲体重不足（AOR=2.34；95%CI：1.65，3.38）、在家分娩（AOR=1.31；95%CI：1.07，1.60）和出生间隔小于 24 个月（AOR=1.31；95%CI：1.04，1.64）的儿童发生消瘦的几率更高。
结论
母亲的教育程度、营养状况和贫血与儿童发育迟缓有关。此外，母亲的营养状况、分娩地点和前次分娩间隔与消瘦有关。因此，需要通过改善儿童的母亲体重不足、母亲教育和母亲贫血状况、延长分娩间隔和促进在卫生机构分娩，来提高儿童的营养状况。
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