对政府的信任、接种意愿和对 COVID-19 疫苗的犹豫：对美国、英国和澳大利亚五个大城市的比较调查。
Trust in government, intention to vaccinate and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: A comparative survey of five large cities in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.
机构信息
Biosecurity Research Program, The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
出版信息
Vaccine. 2022 Apr 14;40(17):2498-2505. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.06.048. Epub 2021 Jun 23.
BACKGROUND
There is widespread hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccines in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.
OBJECTIVE
To identify predictors of willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 in five cities with varying COVID-19 incidence in the US, UK, and Australia.
DESIGN
Online, cross-sectional survey of adults from Dynata's research panel in July-September 2020.
PARTICIPANTS, SETTING: Adults aged 18 and over in Sydney, Melbourne, London, New York City, or Phoenix.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
Willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine; reason for vaccine intention.
STATISTICAL METHODS
To identify predictors of intention to receive a COVID-19 vaccine, we used Poisson regression with robust error estimation to produce prevalence ratios.
RESULTS
The proportion willing to receive a COVID-19 vaccine was 70% in London, 71% NYC, 72% in Sydney, 76% in Phoenix, and 78% in Melbourne. Age was the only sociodemographic characteristic that predicted willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine in all five cities. In Sydney and Melbourne, participants with high confidence in their current government had greater willingness to receive the vaccine (PR = 1.24; 95% CI = 1.07-1.44 and PR = 1.38; 95% CI = 1.74-1.62), while participants with high confidence in their current government in NYC and Phoenix were less likely to be willing to receive the vaccine (PR = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.72-0.85 and PR = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.76-0.96).
LIMITATIONS
Consumer panels can be subject to bias and may not be representative of the general population.
CONCLUSIONS
Success for COVID-19 vaccination programs requires high levels of vaccine acceptance. Our data suggests more than 25% of adults may not be willing to receive a COVID-19 vaccine, but many of them were not explicitly anti-vaccination and thus may become more willing to vaccinate over time. Among the three countries surveyed, there appears to be cultural differences, political influences, and differing experiences with COVID-19 that may affect willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine.
背景
在美国、英国和澳大利亚，人们对接种 COVID-19 疫苗普遍犹豫不决。
目的
确定在美国、英国和澳大利亚五个 COVID-19 发病率不同的城市中，预测人们接种 COVID-19 疫苗意愿的因素。
设计
2020 年 7 月至 9 月，通过 Dynata 的研究小组对成年人进行在线、横断面调查。
参与者、设置：年龄在 18 岁及以上的悉尼、墨尔本、伦敦、纽约市或凤凰城居民。
主要结果和措施
接种 COVID-19 疫苗的意愿；接种疫苗的原因。
统计方法
为了确定接种 COVID-19 疫苗的意愿预测因素，我们使用泊松回归和稳健误差估计来计算患病率比。
结果
伦敦、纽约市、悉尼、凤凰城和墨尔本愿意接种 COVID-19 疫苗的比例分别为 70%、71%、72%、76%和 78%。年龄是所有五个城市中唯一预测接种 COVID-19 疫苗意愿的社会人口学特征。在悉尼和墨尔本，对当前政府有高度信心的参与者更愿意接种疫苗（PR=1.24；95%CI=1.07-1.44 和 PR=1.38；95%CI=1.74-1.62），而对当前政府有高度信心的纽约市和凤凰城参与者不太愿意接种疫苗（PR=0.78；95%CI=0.72-0.85 和 PR=0.85；95%CI=0.76-0.96）。
局限性
消费者小组可能存在偏见，可能无法代表一般人群。
结论
COVID-19 疫苗接种计划的成功需要高水平的疫苗接种接受率。我们的数据表明，超过 25%的成年人可能不愿意接种 COVID-19 疫苗，但他们中的许多人并非明确反对疫苗接种，因此随着时间的推移可能会变得更愿意接种疫苗。在调查的三个国家中，似乎存在文化差异、政治影响以及 COVID-19 不同的经历，这些因素可能会影响接种 COVID-19 疫苗的意愿。
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