孕期血清中持久性有机污染物混合物浓度与 INMA-Asturias 队列 8 岁儿童肛生殖器距离的关系
Serum concentrations of persistent organic pollutants mixture during pregnancy and anogenital distance in 8-year-old children from the INMA-Asturias cohort.
机构信息
Spanish Consortium for Reseaiologrch on Epidemy and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Epidemiología Molecular del Cáncer, Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA) - Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería Street s/n, 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue s/n, 33001, Oviedo, Spain.
Spanish Consortium for Reseaiologrch on Epidemy and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Epidemiología de la Nutrición, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Spain.
出版信息
Environ Res. 2022 Oct;213:113607. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113607. Epub 2022 Jun 9.
BACKGROUND
During pregnancy, women are commonly exposed to several endocrine-disrupting chemicals, including persistent organic pollutants (POPs). These compounds can transfer to the fetus through the placenta. Prenatal POP exposure is related to altered fetal genital and reproductive tract development. However, the relationship between exposure to POP mixtures and anogenital distance (AGD) is poorly investigated. This study investigated the association between prenatal exposure to POP mixtures and AGD in 8-year-old children.
METHODS
Data were collected from the INMA-Asturias cohort. Maternal serum POP concentrations were measured during the first trimester of pregnancy. Anoscrotal distance (AGD) and anopenile distance (AGD) in males and anofourchetal distance (AGD) and anoclitoral distance (AGD) in females were recorded in 362 8-years-olds. Conventional linear regression, and the novel weighted quantile sum regression (WQSR) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were applied to assess the relationships between AGD and POPs exposure stratified by sex.
RESULTS
Among males, in the linear regression, b-hexachlorocyclohexane, PCB138, PCB153, and PCB180 were inversely associated with the anogenital index (AGI) (-0.06 mm/kg (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.11, -0.02), -0.07 mm/kg (95% CI: -0.14, -0.01), -0.07 mm/kg (95% CI: -0.13, -0.01), and -0.08 mm/kg (95% CI: -0.14, -0.02), respectively). Among females, polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE)47 and PBDE154 were positively associated with increased AGI (0.02 mm/kg (95% CI: 0.00, 0.03) and 0.09 mm/kg (95% CI: 0.01, 0.17), respectively). BKMR confirmed these associations. WQSR found a negative combined effect of the POP mixture on AGD, and PCB138, PCB153, and PCB180 (weighted 0.18, 0.13, and 0.09, respectively) were identified as the most impacting chemicals. In females, WQSR found a positive combined effect and determined PBDE47 (weighted 0.35) as the most impacting.
CONCLUSIONS
Maternal exposure to a POP mixture was negatively associated with AGD in male children and positively associated with AGD in female children, thus providing evidence of the adverse effects of POPs on genital development.
背景
在妊娠期间，女性通常会接触到多种内分泌干扰化学物质，包括持久性有机污染物（POPs）。这些化合物可以通过胎盘转移到胎儿身上。产前 POP 暴露与胎儿生殖器和生殖道发育异常有关。然而，POP 混合物暴露与肛殖距（AGD）之间的关系尚未得到充分研究。本研究调查了产前暴露于 POP 混合物与 8 岁儿童 AGD 之间的关系。
方法
数据来自 INMA-Asturias 队列。在妊娠早期测量了母亲血清中的 POP 浓度。在 362 名 8 岁儿童中记录了男性的肛-阴囊距离（AGD）和肛-阴茎距离（AGD），以及女性的肛-四叉距离（AGD）和肛-阴蒂距离（AGD）。应用常规线性回归以及新的加权分位数和回归（WQSR）和贝叶斯核机器回归（BKMR）模型，按性别分层评估 AGD 与 POP 暴露之间的关系。
结果
在男性中，在线性回归中，β-六氯环己烷、PCB138、PCB153 和 PCB180 与肛生殖指数（AGI）呈负相关（-0.06mm/kg（95%置信区间[CI]：-0.11，-0.02），-0.07mm/kg（95%CI：-0.14，-0.01），-0.07mm/kg（95%CI：-0.13，-0.01）和-0.08mm/kg（95%CI：-0.14，-0.02））。在女性中，多溴联苯醚（PBDE）47 和 PBDE154 与 AGI 增加呈正相关（0.02mm/kg（95%CI：0.00，0.03）和 0.09mm/kg（95%CI：0.01，0.17））。BKMR 证实了这些关联。WQSR 发现 POP 混合物对 AGD 的负面影响存在综合效应，PCB138、PCB153 和 PCB180（权重分别为 0.18、0.13 和 0.09）被确定为影响最大的化学物质。在女性中，WQSR 发现了一个正的综合效应，并确定 PBDE47（权重为 0.35）为影响最大的化学物质。
结论
母体暴露于 POP 混合物与男童的 AGD 呈负相关，与女童的 AGD 呈正相关，从而为 POP 对生殖器发育的不良影响提供了证据。
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